六级翻译冲刺专项训练（5）
<p> 1. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="sign">sign</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="contract">contract</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="month">month</span></p><p> 解析：当表示愿望，要求，命令等含义的形容词如 <span word="advisable">advisable</span>，<span word="appropriate">appropriate</span>，<span word="better">better</span>，<span word="best">best</span>，<span word="desirable">desirable</span>，<span word="essential">essential</span>，<span word="fitting">fitting</span>， <span word="imperative">imperative</span>，<span word="important">important</span>，<span word="impossible">impossible</span>，<span word="incredible">incredible</span>，<span word="insistent">insistent</span>，<span word="natural">natural</span>，<span word="necessary">necessary</span>， <span word="obligatory">obligatory</span>，<span word="preferable">preferable</span>，<span word="proper">proper</span>，<span word="ridiculous">ridiculous</span>，<span word="strange">strange</span>，<span word="surprising">surprising</span>，<span word="urgent">urgent</span>，<span word="vital">vital</span> 出现在形式主语句中时，从句要用虚拟语气。签订合同英语固定说法是<span word="sign">sign</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="contract">contract</span>。在月底前要用<span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span>，而不是<span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span>。</p><p> 2. <span word="Whether">Whether</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="not">not</span></p><p> 解析：如果按照中文顺序逐一翻译就会得出译文<span word="Whether">Whether</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="thing">thing</span>，这并没有语法错误，但不符合英语表达习惯。家庭人口多好还是少好可以理解为：家庭人口多是好事?还是坏事?所以这里我们可以采用反译法，将还是人口少好转移为汉语意思为还是不好的英文表达--<span word="or">or</span> <span word="not">not</span>，使译文简洁明了，避免罗嗦。</p><p> 3. <span word="help">help</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="possible">possible</span></p><p> 解析：本题最有可能出现的译文是：<span word="use">use</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="them">them</span>。这样译文不能说错，但不是最间接、最好的翻译。英语里，通常把方式状语放在谓语部分之后，所以可得出译文：<span word="help">help</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="way">way</span>。原句可能出现在被修饰语办法之前。根据英文习惯，可能的对应词<span word="possible">possible</span>应该放在所修饰的中心词<span word="way">way</span>之后，所以有了最终译文：<span word="help">help</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="possible">possible</span>。</p>
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