大学英语六级考试长难句翻译练习（5）
<p> 42. <span word="Gutman">Gutman</span> <span word="argues">argues</span> <span word="convincingly">convincingly</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="stability">stability</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Black">Black</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="encouraged">encouraged</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="transmission">transmission</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="crucial">crucial</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="sustaining">sustaining</span><span word="the">the</span> <span word="Black">Black</span> <span word="heritage">heritage</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="folklore">folklore</span>, <span word="music">music</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="religious">religious</span> <span word="expression">expression</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="generation">generation</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="another">another</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="heritage">heritage</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="slaves">slaves</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="continually">continually</span> <span word="fashioning">fashioning</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="African">African</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="experiences">experiences</span>.</p><p> 43. <span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="folk">folk</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="systems">systems</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="ordinary">ordinary</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="based">based</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="earning">earning</span>, <span word="spending">spending</span>, <span word="organizing">organizing</span>, <span word="marrying">marrying</span>, <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="political">political</span> <span word="activities">activities</span>, <span word="fighting">fighting</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="on">on</span> , <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="dissimilar">dissimilar</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="sophisticated">sophisticated</span> <span word="images">images</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="derived">derived</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="sciences">sciences</span>, <span word="even">even</span> <span word="though">though</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="built">built</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="imperfect">imperfect</span> <span word="samples">samples</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="personal">personal</span> <span word="experience">experience</span>.</p><p> 44. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="steps">steps</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="taken">taken</span>, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="chief">chief</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="demand">demand</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="organizations">organizations</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="exist">exist</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="declared">declared</span> <span word="objectives">objectives</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="safeguarding">safeguarding</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="interests">interests</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="declare">declare</span> <span word="clearly">clearly</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="stand">stand</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="violence">violence</span> <span word="towards">towards</span> <span word="people">people</span>.</p><p> 45. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="demonstrate">demonstrate</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="methods">methods</span> <span word="refined">refined</span> <span word="structural">structural</span> <span word="differences">differences</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="neuron">neuron</span> <span word="types">types</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="proof">proof</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="lacking">lacking</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="quality">quality</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="impulse">impulse</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="conduction">conduction</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="influenced">influenced</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="differences">differences</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="seemed">seemed</span> <span word="instead">instead</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="developmental">developmental</span> <span word="patterning">patterning</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="neural">neural</span> <span word="circuits">circuits</span>.</p><p> 46. <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="theory">theory</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="quality">quality</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sensory">sensory</span> <span word="nerve">nerve</span> <span word="impulses">impulses</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="determines">determines</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="diverse">diverse</span> <span word="conscious">conscious</span> <span word="sensations">sensations</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="produce">produce</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="discharge">discharge</span> , <span word="and">and</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="view">view</span>. 41. <span word="His">His</span> <span word="thesis">thesis</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="relatively">relatively</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="applied">applied</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="Blacks">Blacks</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="definition">definition</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="racial">racial</span> <span word="prejudice">prejudice</span> <span word="as">as</span><span word="racially">racially</span>-<span word="based">based</span> <span word="negative">negative</span> <span word="prejudgments">prejudgments</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="accepted">accepted</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="race">race</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="region">region</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="competition">competition</span>, <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="interpreted">interpreted</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="including">including</span> <span word="hostility">hostility</span> <span word="toward">toward</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="California">California</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Jews">Jews</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="medieval">medieval</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span>.</p>
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