2014年英语六级翻译策略及练习(5)
<p> 翻译策略</p><p> 增词法</p><p> 译文中添加一些原文没有的词句，表面上看似不忠实于原文，但仔细分析就会发现这些增加的词句所表达的意思并非无中生有，而是隐含在原文中的。要知道，从一种语言文字向另一种语言文字转换，有时可以找到一种语言文字在另一种语言文字中的对等词，然而要想全部依赖对等词的转换来达到翻译的目的是几乎不可能的。不同语言文字所持有的习惯决定了必须根据其中一种语言文字的习惯来适当地增词(或减词)达到多语言交际的目的。如果机械地按照字面意义直译，不仅不能表达原文的思想，精神与形象，而且还会使译文前后矛盾，闹出笑话。试想，如把七擒孟获机械译成<span word="to">to</span> <span word="catch">catch</span> /<span word="capture">capture</span> <span word="Meng">Meng</span> <span word="Huo">Huo</span> <span word="for">for</span> 7 <span word="times">times</span>，不同文化背景的外国读者就很难真正理解这个典故的内涵。</p><p> 例1 听到你平安的消息，非常高兴!</p><p> 译文: <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="glad">glad</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="hearing">hearing</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="safety">safety</span>!(增补主语)</p><p> 例2 勤能补拙</p><p> 译文: <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="diligence">diligence</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="deficiency">deficiency</span>. (增补强调句里的<span word="it">it</span>)</p><p> 例3 对不起，打扰一下!</p><p> 译文: <span word="Excuse">Excuse</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="interrupting">interrupting</span> <span word="you">you</span>!(增补作宾语的代词<span word="you">you</span>)</p><p> 除了在翻译时要注意及时增补语法功能词之外，有时还需要增补与汉语文化内涵相关的信息。如：三个臭皮匠，抵个诸葛亮应当译文：<span word="Three">Three</span> <span word="cobblers">cobblers</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="wits">wits</span> <span word="combined">combined</span> <span word="equal">equal</span> <span word="Zhu">Zhu</span> <span word="Geliang">Geliang</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="master">master</span> <span word="mind">mind</span>. 译文里<span word="the">the</span> <span word="master">master</span> <span word="mind">mind</span>就是个增补注释性表达。否则外国人不可能知道<span word="Zhu">Zhu</span> <span word="Geliang">Geliang</span>是谁。</p>
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