考研英语长难句详解(18)
<p> 18. <span word="Thus">Thus</span>，<span word="for">for</span> <span word="instance">instance</span>，<span word="it">it</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="shock">shock</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="mathematicians">mathematicians</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Schrodinger">Schrodinger</span> <span word="equation">equation</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hydrogen">hydrogen</span> <span word="atom">atom</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="literally">literally</span> <span word="correct">correct</span> <span word="description">description</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="atom">atom</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="approximation">approximation</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="somewhat">somewhat</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="correct">correct</span> <span word="equation">equation</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="account">account</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="spin">spin</span>，<span word="magnetic">magnetic</span> <span word="dipole">dipole</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="relativistic">relativistic</span> <span word="effects">effects</span>;<span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="corrected">corrected</span> <span word="equation">equation</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="imperfect">imperfect</span> <span word="approximation">approximation</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="infinite">infinite</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="quantum">quantum</span> <span word="field">field</span>-<span word="theoretical">theoretical</span> <span word="equations">equations</span>. (5)</p><p> 因此，举例来说，对数学家而言，了解到下述情形可能会令其惊愕不已，即薛定谔(<span word="Schrodinger">Schrodinger</span>)的氢原子方程式并非是对该原子作出的一种绝然正确的描述，而仅仅是个近似值，趋近于一个在某种程度上更为正确的将自旋、磁性偶极子、以及相对论效应考虑在内的方程式;而这个得以纠正的方程式就其本身而言也只是一个不完美的近似值，趋近于无穷无尽的一整套量子场论方程式。</p><p> 难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、省略</p><p> 解释：读到此句时，数学家不见得震惊，晕倒的考生恐怕不在少数。不但句子结构复杂，而且罗列了大量的专有名词。对于不是理科的同学来讲，在阅读这篇文章的现场清楚地明白应该读到什么程度远比研究这些生僻的专有名词更重要。其实是否知道薛定鄂方程对读者来说并不见得重要，<span word="GRE">GRE</span>考试的出题者也不见得知道它;关键是要读懂句子的主要意思;数学家不能理解不精确和近似值的伟大意义。不过在本书中，出现的句子均以阅读训练为目的，所以读者仍要把句子的结构读清楚。主句中的主语<span word="it">it</span>是一个开工主语，其具体的内容应该是从<span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span>开始一直到句子结束的长达八行的不定式，但是此不定式实在太长，如果放在句首则句子无法平衡。<span word="Learn">Learn</span>后面带着两个以<span word="that">that</span>引导的宾语从句，中间以分号和<span word="and">and</span>分开，可以把分号以后的句子看成是<span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="shock">shock</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="mathematicians">mathematicians</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="that">that</span>的省略形式。</p>
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