考研英语长难句详解(36)
<p> 36. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="early">early</span> 1950 <span word="s">s</span>，<span word="historians">historians</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="studied">studied</span> <span word="preindustrial">preindustrial</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> (<span word="which">which</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="define">define</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="roughly">roughly</span> 1300 <span word="to">to</span> 1800) <span word="began">began</span>， <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span>，<span word="to">to</span> <span word="investigate">investigate</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="preindustrial">preindustrial</span> <span word="European">European</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="the">the</span> 2 <span word="or">or</span> 3 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="comprised">comprised</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="political">political</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="elite">elite</span>：<span word="the">the</span> <span word="kings">kings</span>，<span word="generals">generals</span>，<span word="judges">judges</span>，<span word="nobles">nobles</span>，<span word="bishops">bishops</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="magnates">magnates</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="hitherto">hitherto</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="filled">filled</span> <span word="history">history</span> <span word="books">books</span>. (4)</p><p> 难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语</p><p> 译文：二十世纪五十年代早期，研究前工业化时代欧洲(此处我们可将其界定为约自1300年至1800年这一时期的欧洲)的史学家，首次以众多的人数(杨鹏的书中：第一次以大量的数据)，开始调查前工业化时代欧洲人口中的大多数，而非那些构成了政治与社会精英阶层的百分之二或三的人口，即国王、将军、法官、贵族、主教、以及地方上的达官显贵，而正是这部分人一直到那时为止普遍充斥于史学著作。</p><p> 解释：句子中有两个插入语，一个是跟在<span word="preindustrial">preindustrial</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span>之后的<span word="which">which</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="define">define</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="roughly">roughly</span> 1300 <span word="to">to</span> 1800,这个插入语的直接作用是解释前面的<span word="preindustrial">preindustrial</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span>的年代，而起到的客观作用则是把主句中的主语和谓语分割得很远;第二个插入语是在<span word="began">began</span>，<span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="investingate">investingate</span>中间，把一个好好的<span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span>斩为两段。</p>
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