考研英语长难句详解(45)
<p> 45. <span word="One">One</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="novel">novel</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="inserting">inserting</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="chromosomes">chromosomes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="discrete">discrete</span> <span word="genes">genes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="constitution">constitution</span>：<span word="specifically">specifically</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="inserting">inserting</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="nonleguminous">nonleguminous</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="genes">genes</span>，<span word="if">if</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="identified">identified</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="isolated">isolated</span>，<span word="that">that</span> <span word="fit">fit</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="leguminous">leguminous</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="hosts">hosts</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="nitrogen">nitrogen</span>-<span word="fixing">fixing</span> <span word="bacteria">bacteria</span>. <span word="Hence">Hence</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="intensified">intensified</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="legumes">legumes</span>. (5)</p><p> 此句最好能够熟读，更好的是背诵下来。(复杂修饰+插入+省略+倒装)</p><p> 这其中的一个新颖思想就是，在植物的染色体(<span word="chromosome">chromosome</span>)内注入并非是该植物自然构造一个部分的那些不相关联的因基：具体而言，这一思想是，在非豆科植物内注入这样一些基因，倘若这些基因可被辨识出来并被分离开来，而这些基因业已使豆科植物宜于充当那些具备固氮作用的细菌的寄主。由此，对豆科植物的研究日趋深入。</p><p> 拒绝难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、倒装、省略</p><p> 解释：本句的难度以倒装为主，复杂为辅;然而二者相互借力，难度更大，而且本句中有两个省略，就更令读者头痛。 句子一开始的<span word="One">One</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="novel">novel</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="of">of</span> 之中的<span word="that">that</span> <span word="of">of</span>, 是<span word="that">that</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> 的省略形式。此外容易理解，后面开始变难。<span word="Inserting">Inserting</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="chromosomes">chromosomes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="discrete">discrete</span> <span word="genes">genes</span>看上去不舒服的原因，是作者在此用了一个便装;正常语序应该是：<span word="inserting">inserting</span> <span word="discrete">discrete</span> <span word="genes">genes</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="chromosomes">chromosomes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="plants">plants</span>， 即把非此植物的<span word="genes">genes</span>插入到该植物中。之所以倒装，是因为<span word="discrete">discrete</span> <span word="genes">genes</span>加上复杂修饰的成分以后太长之故。同样，后面的<span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="inserting">inserting</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="nonleguminous">nonleguminous</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="genes">genes</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="identifyied">identifyied</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="isolated">isolated</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="fit">fit</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="leguminous">leguminous</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="hosts">hosts</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="nitrogen">nitrogen</span>-<span word="fixing">fixing</span> <span word="bacteria">bacteria</span>一句，正常的语序也是<span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="inserting">inserting</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="genes">genes</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="identifyied">identifyied</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="isolated">isolated</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="fit">fit</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="leguminous">leguminous</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="hosts">hosts</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="nitro">nitro</span>-<span word="fixing">fixing</span> <span word="bacteria">bacteria</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="nonleguminous">nonleguminous</span> <span word="plants">plants</span>,即把便利豆科植物成为固氮菌的寄主的基因(如果它们能够被找到并分离出来的话)插入到非豆科植物的基因中去。这一回。<span word="Genes">Genes</span>之后不但有定语从句的复杂修饰，而且在<span word="genes">genes</span>和<span word="that">that</span>从句之间还有一个不短的插入语，增加了阅读难度。</p>
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