考研英语长难句详解(57)
<p> 57. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="specific">specific</span> <span word="complementary">complementary</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="s">s</span> (<span word="cDNA">cDNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>)<span word="that">that</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="serve">serve</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="molecular">molecular</span> <span word="probes">probes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="seek">seek</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="messenger">messenger</span> <span word="RNA">RNA</span> <span word="s">s</span> (<span word="mRNA">mRNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>)<span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="peptide">peptide</span> <span word="hormones">hormones</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hormones">hormones</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="contain">contain</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="Mrna">Mrna</span> <span word="S">S</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="products">products</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="resemble">resemble</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hormones">hormones</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="identical">identical</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="them">them</span>，<span word="then">then</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cDNA">cDNA</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="bind">bind</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="mRNA">mRNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="bind">bind</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="tightly">tightly</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="mRNA">mRNA</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="hormones">hormones</span>. (4)</p><p> 科学家可以制造出特异的(<span word="specific">specific</span>)互补<span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>(<span word="cDNA">cDNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>)，以此作为分子探子(<span word="molecular">molecular</span> <span word="probe">probe</span>)，探觅出肽激素的信使<span word="RNA">RNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>(<span word="mRNA">mRNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>)。如果大脑正在制造着肽激素，则细胞就会含有这些信使<span word="RNA">RNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>.假若细胞所制造的产品类似于肽激素但并非与这些肽激素全然相同，那么，互补<span word="cDNA">cDNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>应仍然和这些信使<span word="mDNA">mDNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>粘结的程度。含有这些<span word="mRNA">mRNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>的脑细胞然后就可以被分离开来，研究者可对其信使<span word="RNA">RNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>进行解码，以确定它们的蛋白质产品究竟是什么，并确定这些蛋白质产品在何种程度上类似于真正的肽激素。</p><p> 难句类型：易混词</p><p> 解释：与其他的难句不同的是，心上的英文不止一句。笔者之所以在本句中不设标志和翻译，是因为这三句话从结构和意思上来说并不难。然而很少有人能够真正的一次把这段话读清楚，原因在于两个容易混淆的单词<span word="cDNA">cDNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>和<span word="mRNA">mRNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>在文中交替出现，而且相互作用;再加上<span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="cell">cell</span>和<span word="hormones">hormones</span>从中捣乱，更难读清楚原文的意思。原文的主要意思如下：可以用<span word="cDNA">cDNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>来探测<span word="mRNA">mRNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>。如果脑细胞产生了荷尔蒙，则其中必有<span word="mRNA">mRNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>意味着可用<span word="cDNA">cDNA</span>探测荷尔蒙。如果脑细胞制造的不是真荷尔蒙，则可以用<span word="cDNA">cDNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>与其中的<span word="mRNA">mRNA</span> <span word="s">s</span>附着的情况来确定此荷尔蒙的真假。</p>
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