研英翻译演练(75)
<p> <span word="That">That</span> <span word="sex">sex</span> <span word="ratio">ratio</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="favored">favored</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="maximizes">maximizes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="descendants">descendants</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="hence">hence</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="gene">gene</span> <span word="copies">copies</span> <span word="transmitted">transmitted</span>.</p><p> 参考答案：</p><p> 要点：本句的正常语序应当是：</p><p> <span word="That">That</span> <span word="sex">sex</span> <span word="ratio">ratio</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="maximizes">maximizes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="descendants">descendants</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="hence">hence</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="gene">gene</span> <span word="copies">copies</span> <span word="transmitted">transmitted</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="favored">favored</span>.但是因为主语<span word="That">That</span> <span word="sex">sex</span> <span word="ratio">ratio</span>之后的以<span word="which">which</span>引导的修饰它的定语从句，如果按照以上语序，则有头重脚轻之感。所以原文将此长长的从句倒装成谓语<span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="favored">favored</span>之后。</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>.在<span word="which">which</span>引导的从句中，有两处省略：第一处在<span word="maximize">maximize</span>的第一个宾语<span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="descendants">descendants</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span>中，<span word="an">an</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span>是修饰<span word="descendants">descendants</span>的定语从句，但是，因为<span word="descendants">descendants</span>在从句中作<span word="have">have</span>的宾语，所以引导词<span word="that">that</span>可以省略。</p><p> 第二处省略是在第二个<span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> 之前，省略了与前面一样的成分<span word="that">that</span> <span word="sex">sex</span> <span word="ratio">ratio</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="maximizes">maximizes</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="hence">hence</span>在此表示后面的成分作为前面最大化一个个体的后代的数目的结果。</p><p> 参考译文： 那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。</p><p> </p>
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