研英翻译重难点详解：省略(3)
<p> 英语中词的省略现象很多。其目的是为了符合英语表达习惯和修辞特点。省略词语决不是可以随意增删词句，而是要必须遵循以下几条原则：</p><p> 1) 可有可无的，或是多余的。</p><p> 2) 省略的词义已经体现在上下文中。</p><p> 阅读时，必须根据上下文找出英语中省略的词语翻译时再根据汉语的习惯进行适当增补。</p><p> 8. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="see">see</span>, <span word="dear">dear</span>, <span word="I">I</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="stick">stick</span>-<span word="in">in</span>- <span word="the">the</span>- <span word="mud">mud</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="secret">secret</span> <span word="trials">trials</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="executions">executions</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="soon">soon</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="stand">stand</span> <span word="together">together</span> <span word="steadily">steadily</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="hit">hit</span> <span word="hard">hard</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="things">things</span>.</p><p> 分析：这是并列复合句。主干结构是<span word="I">I</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="thatand">thatand</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="that">that</span>。两个<span word="that">that</span> 引起两个宾语从句。第一个宾语从句中省略了<span word="are">are</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="turn">turn</span>。第二个宾语从句中有一个条件状语从句。</p><p> 译文：你瞧，亲爱的，我知道那些陷入泥潭的家伙，如此迫不及待地重新使用起秘密审讯和秘密处决的手段，这实际上是在帮我们的忙，而害了他们自己;我还知道，如果你们留下来的人能够坚定地团结一致，给他们以狠狠的打击，你们就会取得伟大的成就。</p><p> 9. <span word="To">To</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="description">description</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="direction">direction</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="line">line</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="call">call</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="line">line</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="side">side</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="origin">origin</span> <span word="positive">positive</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="side">side</span> <span word="negative">negative</span>.</p>
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