考研英语英译汉难句分类辨析之并列平行结构
<p> 英语常用并列连词，如：<span word="and">and</span>, <span word="but">but</span>, <span word="so">so</span>, <span word="yet">yet</span>, <span word="for">for</span>, <span word="nor">nor</span>, <span word="or">or</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span>:<span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span>, <span word="either">either</span>:<span word="or">or</span>或<span word="neither">neither</span>:<span word="nor">nor</span>等连接两个或几个同等成分，这种结构称为并列结构。连接的同等成分可以是动词的宾语、介词短语或名词的定语等。</p><p> 例1<span word="In">In</span> <span word="general">general</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tests">tests</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="effectively">effectively</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="qualities">qualities</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="measured">measured</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="precisely">precisely</span> <span word="defined">defined</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="effectively">effectively</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="me">me</span></p><p> <span word="asured">asured</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="predicted">predicted</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="defined">defined</span>.</p><p> 分析：本句是由<span word="and">and</span>连接的并列结构，每个并列结构中各有一个<span word="when">when</span>引导的时间状语从句。在第二个时间状语从句中有一个<span word="what">what</span>引导的主语从句。</p><p> 译文：一般说来，当要测定的特征能得以十分精确的界定，测试的就最佳;反之，如果所要测定和预测的东西得不到明确的界定，那么测试的效果就最差。</p><p> 例2<span word="Astrophysicists">Astrophysicists</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="ground">ground</span>?<span word="based">based</span> <span word="detectors">detectors</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="South">South</span> <span word="Pole">Pole</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="balloon">balloon</span>?<span word="borne">borne</span> <span word="instruments">instruments</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="closing">closing</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="structures">structures</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="soon">soon</span>.</p><p> 分析：本句由<span word="and">and</span>引导的并列结构，两个并列谓语分别是<span word="are">are</span> <span word="closing">closing</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="structures">structures</span>和<span word="may">may</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="soon">soon</span>，它们的主语<span word="Astrophysicists">Astrophysicists</span>后面有一个由分词短语充当的定语<span word="working">working</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="ground">ground</span>?<span word="based">based</span> <span word="detectors">detectors</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="South">South</span> <span word="Pole">Pole</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="balloon">balloon</span>?<span word="borne">borne</span> <span word="instruments">instruments</span>。</p><p> 译文：天体物理学家使用南极陆基探测器及球载仪器，正越来越近地观测这些云系，也许不久会报告他们的观测结果。</p>
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