考研英语英译汉难句分类辨析之分割结构
<p> 英译汉难句分类辨析之分割结构分割结构是英语表达中经常出现的一种句法，其作用是保持句子平衡，避免头</p><p> 分割结构是英语表达中经常出现的一种句法，其作用是保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻或为了语义严密，结构紧凑，将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他句子成分分隔开来。英语的分隔必须遵循两点：①尾重原则，即把长而复杂的成分放在句末;②句尾信息焦点原则，即把新信息、语义重点放在句尾。</p><p> 例1<span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Middle">Middle</span> <span word="Ages">Ages</span> <span word="widespread">widespread</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="arguments">arguments</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="analogy">analogy</span>, <span word="o">o</span></p><p> <span word="n">n</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="belief">belief</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="universe">universe</span> <span word="formed">formed</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="ordered">ordered</span> <span word="structure">structure</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="macrocosmic">macrocosmic</span> <span word="pattern">pattern</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="reproduced">reproduced</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="microcosmic">microcosmic</span> <span word="pattern">pattern</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="parts">parts</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="ispossible">ispossible</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="draw">draw</span> <span word="inferences">inferences</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="analogy">analogy</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span>.</p><p> 分析：虽然这个句子比较长，但我们首先要挑出此句的主、谓、宾。这句话的谓语非常短，只有两个词：<span word="was">was</span> <span word="made">made</span>。<span word="of">of</span> <span word="arguments">arguments</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="analogy">analogy</span>是<span word="use">use</span>的定语。正因为谓语短，定语长，为了句子的平衡，<span word="was">was</span> <span word="made">made</span>便插在<span word="use">use</span>和它的定语之间，形成分隔结构。<span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="belief">belief</span>:<span word="other">other</span>是介词短语，作状语。<span word="belief">belief</span>后面有两个以<span word="that">that</span>引导的同位语从句：<span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="universe">universe</span>:<span word="structure">structure</span>和<span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="microcosmic">microcosmic</span>:<span word="of">of</span> <span word="parts">parts</span>。<span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span>引导的是一个状语从句，表结果。从结构来讲，该句可按原文顺序翻译。分隔部分可以不管，只要把<span word="use">use</span>转换成动词，把被动的<span word="was">was</span> <span word="made">made</span>转译成主动，即译成汉语的无主语句。</p>
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