考研英语翻译试题的解答技巧
<p> 一、简要介绍</p><p> 翻译部分由一篇400字左右的文章组成，其中划出5个句子，要求考生在30分钟内译完。2002年题型更改之前，每句3分，一共15分，现在每句2分，一共10分。</p><p> 二、有无必要通读全文?</p><p> 完全没有必要。只有在以下两种情况下，才需要回头看看前文：1.出现<span word="it">it</span>, <span word="he">he</span>, <span word="they">they</span>等代词时，需要回读前文以确定它们所指代的人或物;2.出现某个单词有歧义，可作多种理解时。</p><p> 三、如何做好翻译?</p><p> 翻译有三个步骤：正确理解原文;用地道的译入语表达原文;对译文进行修改润色。</p><p> 百分之百正确地理解原文，是做好翻译的前提。考生在已有的英语理解基础上，应针对翻译部分着重注意以下几个方面：</p><p> 1.句子中相对应的部分。请看例句：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="behavioral">behavioral</span> <span word="sciences">sciences</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="slow">slow</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="partly">partly</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="explanatory">explanatory</span> <span word="items">items</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="directly">directly</span> <span word="observed">observed</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="partly">partly</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="explanations">explanations</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span>.</p><p> 这一句很明显可以分为<span word="A">A</span>，<span word="B">B</span>，<span word="C">C</span>三个部分，<span word="A">A</span>为果，<span word="B">B</span>，<span word="C">C</span>为两个并列的原因。明白了这一点，可以解决两个问题：1.全句大的结构可以确立为：之所以有<span word="A">A</span>，部分原因是<span word="B">B</span>，部分原因是<span word="C">C</span>;2. <span word="B">B</span>部分中<span word="explanatory">explanatory</span> <span word="items">items</span>比较难以翻译，尤其是<span word="item">item</span>一词，但结合<span word="C">C</span>部分，可以确定<span word="explanatory">explanatory</span> <span word="items">items</span>实际上就是<span word="explanations">explanations</span>的意思，短语<span word="other">other</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span>进一步验证了这一点。</p>
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