考研英语长难句翻译五大高分技巧
<p> 考研英语中，阅读理解衍生出来的一个题型就是翻译。翻译其实是最好拿分的一个题型。为什么这样说呢?翻译题型的词汇一般是认识的，最主要的一点就是碰到最难翻译的长句该怎么办?而英语习惯于用长的句子表达比较复杂的概念，汉语则不同，常常使用若干短句作层次分明的叙述。因此，在进行英译汉时，提醒大家要特别注意英语和汉语之间的差异，将英语的长句分解翻译成汉语的短句，这样翻译做起来就容易得分多了。</p><p> 在英语长句的翻译过程中，我们一般采取下列的方法：</p><p> 顺序法</p><p> 当英语长句的内容叙述层次与汉语基本一致时，可以按照英语原文表达的层次顺序翻译成汉语，从而使译文与英语原文的顺序基本一致。例如：</p><p> <span word="But">But</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="realized">realized</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="supplies">supplies</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="limited">limited</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="reasonable">reasonable</span> <span word="estimate">estimate</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="expectation">expectation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="life">life</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="exhaust">exhaust</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="sources">sources</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="reserves">reserves</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="materials">materials</span>。</p><p> 分析：该句的骨干结构为<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="realized">realized</span> <span word="that">that</span> ，<span word="it">it</span>为形式主语，<span word="that">that</span>引导主语从句以及并列的<span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="to">to</span> 结构，其中，不定式作主语，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> 是<span word="expectation">expectation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="life">life</span>的同位语，进一步解释其含义，而<span word="time">time</span>后面的句子是它的定语从句。五个谓语结构表达了四个层次的意义：<span word="A">A</span>. 可是现在人们意识到;<span word="B">B</span>. 其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的;<span word="C">C</span>. 人们甚至还可以比较合理地估计出这些矿物质可望存在多少年<span word="D">D</span>. 将这些已知矿源和储量将消耗殆尽的时间。根据同位语从句的翻译方法，把第四层意义的表达作适当的调整， 整个句子就翻译为：</p>
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