考研英汉翻译笔记之起形容词作用的分词
<p> 记得前两天有旺友问 动词+<span word="ed">ed</span> 作形容词的问题，刚好张道真的一本语法书上有很详细的介绍，准备把它拿到这和大家共享。有点长，而我打字又慢，慢慢输吧，争取在7-10天内完成：)</p><p> 起形容词作用的分词(形容词型分词)</p><p> <span word="a">a</span>. 分词作定语的用法</p><p> 1)总的特点</p><p> 分词可以作定语，修饰或是限制一个名词，可以放在它前面，也可以放在它后面。一般说来，简单分词可以放在名词前面，分词短语放在名词后面。</p><p> <span word="a">a</span>)放在名词前面的分词</p><p> 1/表示动作的分词：</p><p> 一个现在分词或过去分词放在名词前时，可以表示一时的动作，这时它的动词特点胜过形容词特点，相当于一个定语从句</p><p> <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rising">rising</span> <span word="sun">sun</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="east">east</span>?</p><p> <span word="They">They</span> <span word="tried">tried</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="surround">surround</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="retreating">retreating</span> <span word="troops">troops</span> .</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="roaring">roaring</span> <span word="lion">lion</span> <span word="frightened">frightened</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="jungle">jungle</span>.</p><p> <span word="They">They</span> <span word="tried">tried</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="deliver">deliver</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="besieged">besieged</span> <span word="city">city</span> .</p><p> <span word="These">These</span> <span word="repeated">repeated</span> <span word="efforts">efforts</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="inadequate">inadequate</span>.</p><p> <span word="Those">Those</span> <span word="oppressed">oppressed</span> <span word="nations">nations</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="rising">rising</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="liberate">liberate</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span>.</p><p> 2/表示特点的分词：</p><p> 它也可以表示比较长久或永久性的特点。这时它的形容词特点胜过它的动词特点：</p>
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