第1818期阅读理解附答案
<p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="joins">joins</span> <span word="agroup">agroup</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="tends">tends</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="accept">accept</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="standards">standards</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="behavior">behavior</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span>. <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="illustrations">illustrations</span> <span word="couldbe">couldbe</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="everyday">everyday</span> <span word="life">life</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="interest">interest</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="psychologists">psychologists</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="extent">extent</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="peoples">peoples</span> <span word="judgments">judgments</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="opinions">opinions</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="result">result</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="pressure">pressure</span>. <span word="Asch">Asch</span> <span word="andothers">andothers</span> <span word="noticed">noticed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="agree">agree</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="statements">statements</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="contrary">contrary</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="senses">senses</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mistake">mistake</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="changeable">changeable</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="chosen">chosen</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="experiments">experiments</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="type">type</span>.<span word="Usually">Usually</span> <span word="highly">highly</span> <span word="intelligent">intelligent</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="independent">independent</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="used">used</span>.</p><p> <span word="In">In</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="typical">typical</span> <span word="experiment">experiment</span>, <span word="this">this</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="happen">happen</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="experimenter">experimenter</span> <span word="asks">asks</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="volunteers">volunteers</span> <span word="tojoin">tojoin</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="investigating">investigating</span> <span word="visual">visual</span> <span word="perception">perception</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="victims">victims</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span>, <span word="therefore">therefore</span>, <span word="aware">aware</span> <span word="ofthe">ofthe</span> <span word="real">real</span> <span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="experiment">experiment</span>. <span word="Each">Each</span> <span word="volunteer">volunteer</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="room">room</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="finds">finds</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="seven">seven</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="collaborating">collaborating</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="experimenter">experimenter</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="astandard">astandard</span> <span word="card">card</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="contains">contains</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="line">line</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="card">card</span>. <span word="Thishas">Thishas</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="lines">lines</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="One">One</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="obviously">obviously</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="line">line</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="card">card</span>, <span word="one">one</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="shorter">shorter</span> <span word="andone">andone</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="length">length</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="line">line</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="card">card</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="length">length</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="theline">theline</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="standard">standard</span> <span word="card">card</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="volunteerdoes">volunteerdoes</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pick">pick</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wrong">wrong</span> <span word="lines">lines</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="comeshe">comeshe</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="faced">faced</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unanimous">unanimous</span> <span word="opinion">opinion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rest">rest</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="groupall">groupall</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="chosen">chosen</span> <span word="line">line</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="clearly">clearly</span> <span word="sees">sees</span> <span word="line">line</span> <span word="B">B</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="correct">correct</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="do">do</span>? <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Asch">Asch</span>,<span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="victims">victims</span> <span word="chosen">chosen</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="opinion">opinion</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="equally">equally</span> <span word="surprising">surprising</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span>,<span word="when">when</span> <span word="interviewed">interviewed</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="answers">answers</span>, <span word="most">most</span> <span word="explained">explained</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="choice">choice</span> <span word="wasincorrect">wasincorrect</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="yield">yield</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pressure">pressure</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="besuffering">besuffering</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="optical">optical</span> <span word="illusion">illusion</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="afraid">afraid</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="different">different</span>.</p>
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