The Causes of European Separation in 16th Century 阅读练习与解析
<p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Causes">Causes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="European">European</span> <span word="Separation">Separation</span> <span word="in">in</span> 16<span word="th">th</span> <span word="Century">Century</span></p><p> <span word="For">For</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="thousand">thousand</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="fought">fought</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="things">things</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="united">united</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="believing">believing</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="thing">thing</span>: <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="existed">existed</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="Holy">Holy</span>, <span word="Catholic">Catholic</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Apostolic">Apostolic</span> <span word="Church">Church</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Bishop">Bishop</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Rome">Rome</span>, <span word="under">under</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="title">title</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Pope">Pope</span>, <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="visible">visible</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="recognizable">recognizable</span> <span word="head">head</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="succession">succession</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="St">St</span>. <span word="Peter">Peter</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1517 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="German">German</span> <span word="monk">monk</span>, <span word="Martin">Martin</span> <span word="Luther">Luther</span>, <span word="challenged">challenged</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="Catholic">Catholic</span> <span word="teachings">teachings</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="renounced">renounced</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="obedience">obedience</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="papacy">papacy</span>. <span word="Others">Others</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="followed">followed</span> <span word="him">him</span>, <span word="including">including</span> <span word="Henry">Henry</span> <span word="VIII">VIII</span>.</p><p> <span word="Thus">Thus</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="divided">divided</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="way">way</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="southern">southern</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="eastern">eastern</span> <span word="two">two</span>-<span word="thirds">thirds</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="Catholic">Catholic</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="northern">northern</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="western">western</span> <span word="one">one</span>-<span word="third">third</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="coming">coming</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="Protestant">Protestant</span>, <span word="though">though</span> <span word="English">English</span>-<span word="ruled">ruled</span> <span word="Ireland">Ireland</span> <span word="solidly">solidly</span> <span word="Catholic">Catholic</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Spanish">Spanish</span>-<span word="ruled">ruled</span> <span word="Netherlands">Netherlands</span>, <span word="particularly">particularly</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="northern">northern</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="approximating">approximating</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="Holland">Holland</span>, <span word="grew">grew</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="Protestant">Protestant</span>; <span word="while">while</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="virtually">virtually</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="country">country</span>, <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="officially">officially</span> <span word="Catholic">Catholic</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="Protestant">Protestant</span>, <span word="those">those</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="contrary">contrary</span> <span word="faith">faith</span> <span word="fiercely">fiercely</span> <span word="attempted">attempted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="convert">convert</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="neighbors">neighbors</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="equally">equally</span> <span word="fiercely">fiercely</span> <span word="resisted">resisted</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="neighbors">neighbors</span> <span word="attempts">attempts</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="convert">convert</span> <span word="them">them</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="simple">simple</span>, <span word="friendly">friendly</span> <span word="solution">solution</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="reached">reached</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="principle">principle</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="live">live</span>-<span word="and">and</span>-<span word="let">let</span>-<span word="live">live</span>. <span word="Each">Each</span> <span word="party">party</span> <span word="believed">believed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="hold">hold</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="truth">truth</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="truth">truth</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="mattered">mattered</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="led">led</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="eternal">eternal</span> <span word="salvation">salvation</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="adversaries">adversaries</span> <span word="clung">clung</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="falsehood">falsehood</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="necessarily">necessarily</span> <span word="head">head</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="eternal">eternal</span> <span word="damnation">damnation</span>: <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="permit">permit</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="survive">survive</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="infect">infect</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="errors">errors</span>. <span word="Toleration">Toleration</span>, <span word="even">even</span> <span word="reasonable">reasonable</span> <span word="discussion">discussion</span>, <span word="was">was</span> <span word="impossible">impossible</span>. <span word="God">God</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="devil">devil</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="mix">mix</span>. <span word="Just">Just</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Elizabeth">Elizabeth</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="ardent">ardent</span> <span word="Catholics">Catholics</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Jezebel">Jezebel</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="earnest">earnest</span> <span word="Protestants">Protestants</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Pope">Pope</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="wolfish">wolfish</span> <span word="bloodsucker">bloodsucker</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="Catholic">Catholic</span> <span word="fellow">fellow</span>-<span word="creatures">creatures</span> <span word="mad">mad</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span>, <span word="toads">toads</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="vermin">vermin</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="cleansed">cleansed</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="face">face</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="earth">earth</span>.</p>
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