英语六级考试冲刺练习阅读篇29
<p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="School">School</span> <span word="Years">Years</span> <span word="Soon">Soon</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="founded">founded</span>, <span word="Thomas">Thomas</span> <span word="Jefferson">Jefferson</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="President">President</span> <span word="from">from</span> 1801 <span word="to">to</span> 1809 <span word="wrote">wrote</span>, <span word="If">If</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="nation">nation</span> <span word="expects">expects</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="ignorant">ignorant</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="free">free</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="civilization">civilization</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="expects">expects</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span>.<span word="Jefferson">Jefferson</span> <span word="believed">believed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="republic">republic</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="served">served</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="literate">literate</span>, <span word="well">well</span>-<span word="informed">informed</span> <span word="citizens">citizens</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="everyone">everyone</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="guarantee">guarantee</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="further">further</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="qualified">qualified</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="built">built</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="philosophy">philosophy</span>. <span word="Public">Public</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="expected">expected</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="offer">offer</span> <span word="equal">equal</span> <span word="educational">educational</span> <span word="opportunities">opportunities</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="everyone">everyone</span> <span word="enrolled">enrolled</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="secular">secular</span> <span word="schools">schools</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="publicly">publicly</span> <span word="controlled">controlled</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="publicly">publicly</span> <span word="financed">financed</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="free">free</span> <span word="tuition">tuition</span>, <span word="free">free</span> <span word="books">books</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="compulsory">compulsory</span> <span word="attendance">attendance</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="mention">mention</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Constitution">Constitution</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="educational">educational</span> <span word="system">system</span>. <span word="Public">Public</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="financed">financed</span> <span word="primarily">primarily</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="taxes">taxes</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="varies">varies</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="state">state</span>. <span word="Alabama">Alabama</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="of">of</span> $716 <span word="for">for</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="pupil">pupil</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1974, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lowest">lowest</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="state">state</span>. <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span>, <span word="by">by</span> <span word="contrast">contrast</span>, <span word="had">had</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="highest">highest</span> <span word="rate">rate</span>, $ 1809 <span word="per">per</span> <span word="pupil">pupil</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="majority">majority</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="states">states</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> $ 800 <span word="per">per</span> <span word="pupil">pupil</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="differences">differences</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="expenditures">expenditures</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="communities">communities</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="state">state</span>, <span word="depending">depending</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="funds">funds</span> <span word="available">available</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="education">education</span>. <span word="Often">Often</span>, <span word="well">well</span>-<span word="to">to</span>-<span word="do">do</span> <span word="communities">communities</span> <span word="spend">spend</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="dollars">dollars</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="poorer">poorer</span> <span word="towns">towns</span> <span word="nearby">nearby</span> <span word="do">do</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="figures">figures</span> <span word="reflect">reflect</span> <span word="differences">differences</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="expenditures">expenditures</span> . <span word="for">for</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="items">items</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="teachers">teachers</span> <span word="salaries">salaries</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="purchase">purchase</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="books">books</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="construction">construction</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="maintenance">maintenance</span>. <span word="Despite">Despite</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="differences">differences</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="general">general</span> <span word="uniformity">uniformity</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="organization">organization</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="curricula">curricula</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="throughout">throughout</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span>. <span word="Each">Each</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="divided">divided</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="districts">districts</span>. <span word="Usually">Usually</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="department">department</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="sets">sets</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="general">general</span> <span word="requirements">requirements</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="communities">communities</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="districts">districts</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="meet">meet</span>. <span word="Local">Local</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="boards">boards</span>, <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="elected">elected</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="communities">communities</span>, <span word="are">are</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="detailed">detailed</span> <span word="organization">organization</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="operation">operation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="schools">schools</span>. <span word="This">This</span>-<span word="responsibility">responsibility</span> <span word="includes">includes</span> <span word="hiring">hiring</span> <span word="teachers">teachers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="administration">administration</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="setting">setting</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="salaries">salaries</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="twelve">twelve</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="old">old</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="systems">systems</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="divided">divided</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="eight">eight</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="primary">primary</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="secondary">secondary</span> <span word="school">school</span>. <span word="Primary">Primary</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="elementary">elementary</span> <span word="schools">schools</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="secondary">secondary</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="schools">schools</span>. <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="systems">systems</span> <span word="combine">combine</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="elementary">elementary</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="junior">junior</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="school">school</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="followed">followed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="senior">senior</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="school">school</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="systems">systems</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="kindergarten">kindergarten</span> <span word="program">program</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="provides">provides</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="preschool">preschool</span> <span word="training">training</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="five">five</span>-<span word="year">year</span>-<span word="old">old</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="formal">formal</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="years">years</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="academic">academic</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="lasts">lasts</span> <span word="nine">nine</span> <span word="months">months</span>, <span word="from">from</span> <span word="September">September</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="June">June</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="winter">winter</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="spring">spring</span> <span word="vacations">vacations</span>. <span word="Classes">Classes</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="held">held</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="week">week</span>, <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Monday">Monday</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="Friday">Friday</span>. <span word="Elementary">Elementary</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="organized">organized</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="neighbourhood">neighbourhood</span> <span word="basis">basis</span>. <span word="Children">Children</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="area">area</span> <span word="attend">attend</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="homes">homes</span>. <span word="High">High</span> <span word="schools">schools</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>, <span word="serve">serve</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="elementary">elementary</span> <span word="schools">schools</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="thousand">thousand</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="various">various</span> <span word="parts">parts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="community">community</span>. <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="towns">towns</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="school">school</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="rural">rural</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="elementary">elementary</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="frequently">frequently</span> <span word="serves">serves</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="communi">communi</span> <span word="ties">ties</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="located">located</span> <span word="beyond">beyond</span> <span word="convenient">convenient</span> <span word="walking">walking</span> <span word="distance">distance</span>, <span word="children">children</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="transported">transported</span> <span word="free">free</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="charge">charge</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="bright">bright</span> <span word="yellow">yellow</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="buses">buses</span>. <span word="Today">Today</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 40 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="bused">bused</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="daily">daily</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Jeffersons">Jeffersons</span> <span word="dream">dream</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="everyone">everyone</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="approach">approach</span> <span word="reality">reality</span>. <span word="In">In</span> 1870 <span word="only">only</span> <span word="slightly">slightly</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="attended">attended</span> <span word="school">school</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="until">until</span> 1918 <span word="that">that</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="compulsory">compulsory</span> <span word="school">school</span>-<span word="attendance">attendance</span> <span word="law">law</span>. <span word="Today">Today</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="states">states</span> <span word="require">require</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="attendance">attendance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ages">ages</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="sixteen">sixteen</span>. <span word="Approximately">Approximately</span> 99 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="elementary">elementary</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="and">and</span> 94 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="school">school</span>. </p>
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