网络改装大脑
<p> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="staggering">staggering</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="worry">worry</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="addicted">addicted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Facebook">Facebook</span>， <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="study">study</span>. 根据一项调查，多达八成父母担心自己的孩子会沉迷于<span word="Facebook">Facebook</span>不可自拔。 <span word="Eighty">Eighty</span> <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="networking">networking</span> <span word="sites">sites</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Facebook">Facebook</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Twitter">Twitter</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="overtheir">overtheir</span> <span word="childrens">childrens</span> <span word="lives">lives</span>. 80%的父母认为<span word="Facebook">Facebook</span>和<span word="Twitter">Twitter</span>这样的社交网站会左右孩子的人生。 <span word="One">One</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="parents">parents</span>， <span word="meanwhile">meanwhile</span>， <span word="believes">believes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Internet">Internet</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rewire">rewire</span> <span word="brains">brains</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="persons">persons</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="thinks">thinks</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="danger">danger</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="web">web</span>. 此外，还有三分之一的父母认为网络能在不知不觉下改装一个人的大脑，并认为自己的孩子正遭到来自网络的威胁。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="extraordinary">extraordinary</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="poll">poll</span> <span word="of">of</span> 1，000 <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="carried">carried</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Nominet">Nominet</span> <span word="Trust">Trust</span>， <span word="an">an</span> <span word="organisation">organisation</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="promoted">promoted</span> <span word="internet">internet</span> <span word="projects">projects</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="address">address</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="disadvantage">disadvantage</span>. 这一调查是由互联网慈善机构<span word="Nominet">Nominet</span>基金会开展的，涵盖了1000名父母。调查结果很令人意外。 <span word="However">However</span>， <span word="Nominet">Nominet</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="fly">fly</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="face">face</span> <span word="ofneurological">ofneurological</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span>. 不过，<span word="Nominet">Nominet</span>基金会说他们的发现和神经学上的证据是相悖的。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Trust">Trust</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="neuroscience">neuroscience</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="expert">expert</span> <span word="Dr">Dr</span> <span word="Paul">Paul</span> <span word="Howard">Howard</span> <span word="Jones">Jones</span>， <span word="who">who</span> <span word="analysed">analysed</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="internet">internet</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="society">society</span>. 和该基金会合作的神经科学家和教育专家保罗 霍华德 琼斯博士对这一和网络和社会相关的调查进行了分析研究。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="report">report</span> - <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Impact">Impact</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Digital">Digital</span> <span word="Technologies">Technologies</span> <span word="On">On</span> <span word="Human">Human</span> <span word="Wellbeing">Wellbeing</span> - <span word="concluded">concluded</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="neurological">neurological</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="internet">internet</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="effective">effective</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="rewiring">rewiring</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="brains">brains</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="environmental">environmental</span> <span word="influences">influences</span>. 这一题为《数字技术对人类幸福的影响》的研究报告得出结论说，目前并没有神经学上的证据表明网络比其他外界影响力能更有效地改装大脑。 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="internet">internet</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="valuable">valuable</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="resource">resource</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="forms">forms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span>. 研究还发现，网络是一个宝贵的学习资源，各种形式的学习导致大脑产生了变化。 <span word="There">There</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="reports">reports</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="internet">internet</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="vast">vast</span> <span word="resources">resources</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="changing">changing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="affecting">affecting</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="concentrate">concentrate</span>. 曾有报道称，对网络丰富的信息资源的利用正在改变人们的思维方式，并影响了他们集中注意力的能力。 <span word="But">But</span> <span word="Nominet">Nominet</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="scaremongeringand">scaremongeringand</span> <span word="misinformation">misinformation</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="internet">internet</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="potentially">potentially</span> <span word="deny">deny</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="people">people</span>， <span word="in">in</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="worried">worried</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="childrens">childrens</span> <span word="development">development</span>. 但是<span word="Nominet">Nominet</span>机构称，对于网络使用的危言耸听和不实信息可能会阻碍网络造福于人们，特别是那些担心网络会对孩子成长产生不利影响的父母。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="networking">networking</span> <span word="sites">sites</span>， <span word="in">in</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span>， <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="special">special</span> <span word="source">source</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="children">children</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="beneficial">beneficial</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="support">support</span> <span word="existing">existing</span> <span word="friendships">friendships</span>. 研究报告还发现，社交网络本身对于孩子并没有特别大的风险，而且大体上是有益的，因为社交网络能够增进友谊。 <span word="In">In</span> <span word="addition">addition</span>， <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="action">action</span> <span word="video">video</span> <span word="games">games</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="improve">improve</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="visual">visual</span> <span word="processing">processing</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="motor">motor</span> <span word="response">response</span> <span word="skills">skills</span>， <span word="while">while</span> <span word="computer">computer</span>-<span word="based">based</span> <span word="activity">activity</span> <span word="provides">provides</span> <span word="mental">mental</span> <span word="stimulation">stimulation</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="slow">slow</span> <span word="rates">rates</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cognitive">cognitive</span> <span word="decline">decline</span>. 此外，打动作网游能够提升视觉处理能力和运动反应能力，而电脑相关活动可以刺激智力发育，并有助于减缓认知能力的衰退速度。</p>
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