2013年英语六级阅读备考练习题及答案18
<p> <span word="Women">Women</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="apply">apply</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="middle">middle</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="senior">senior</span> <span word="management">management</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="success">success</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="men">men</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="employment">employment</span> <span word="survey">survey</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="course">course</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="fewer">fewer</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="apply">apply</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="positions">positions</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="study">study</span>, <span word="by">by</span> <span word="recruitment">recruitment</span> <span word="consultants">consultants</span> <span word="NB">NB</span> <span word="Selection">Selection</span>, <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="appear">appear</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="interview">interview</span> <span word="shortlist">shortlist</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="figure">figure</span> <span word="rises">rises</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="women">women</span>. <span word="Reasons">Reasons</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="success">success</span> <span word="rates">rates</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="isolate">isolate</span>. <span word="One">One</span> <span word="explanation">explanation</span> <span word="suggested">suggested</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="woman">woman</span> <span word="candidate">candidate</span> <span word="manages">manages</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="shortlist">shortlist</span>, <span word="then">then</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="already">already</span> <span word="proved">proved</span> <span word="herself">herself</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="exceptional">exceptional</span> <span word="candidate">candidate</span>. <span word="Dr">Dr</span>. <span word="Marx">Marx</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="apply">apply</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="positions">positions</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="tend">tend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="qualified">qualified</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="male">male</span> <span word="counterparts">counterparts</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="selective">selective</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="conservative">conservative</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="search">search</span>. <span word="Women">Women</span> <span word="tend">tend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="thoroughly">thoroughly</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="applying">applying</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="positions">positions</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="attending">attending</span> <span word="interviews">interviews</span>. <span word="Men">Men</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>, <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rely">rely</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sell">sell</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="convince">convince</span> <span word="employers">employers</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="shortcomings">shortcomings</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="prevent">prevent</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="job">job</span>. <span word="Managerial">Managerial</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="executive">executive</span> <span word="progress">progress</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="confirmed">confirmed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="annual">annual</span> <span word="survey">survey</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="boards">boards</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="directors">directors</span> <span word="carried">carried</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Korn">Korn</span> <span word="International">International</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="survey">survey</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="doubling">doubling</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="serving">serving</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="non">non</span>-<span word="executive">executive</span> <span word="directors">directors</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="previous">previous</span> <span word="year">year</span>. <span word="However">However</span>, <span word="progress">progress</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="painfully">painfully</span> <span word="slow">slow</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="only">only</span> 18 <span word="posts">posts</span> <span word="filled">filled</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="total">total</span> <span word="of">of</span> 354 <span word="non">non</span>-<span word="executive">executive</span> <span word="positions">positions</span> <span word="surveyed">surveyed</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="feature">feature</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="corporate">corporate</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="recession">recession</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="de">de</span>-<span word="layering">layering</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="management">management</span> <span word="structures">structures</span>. <span word="Hilary">Hilary</span> <span word="Sears">Sears</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="halted">halted</span> <span word="progress">progress</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="de">de</span>-<span word="layering">layering</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="either">either</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="layers">layers</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="aspire">aspire</span> <span word="to">to</span>. <span word="Sears">Sears</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="noted">noted</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="positive">positive</span> <span word="trend">trend</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="recession">recession</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="started">started</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="whole">whole</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="factors">factors</span> <span word="encouraging">encouraging</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="prospect">prospect</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="equality">equality</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="workforce">workforce</span>. <span word="Demographic">Demographic</span> <span word="trends">trends</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="employment">employment</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="steadily">steadily</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="addition">addition</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="passing">passing</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="education">education</span>, <span word="making">making</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="qualified">qualified</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="management">management</span> <span word="positions">positions</span>. <span word="Organizations">Organizations</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="European">European</span> <span word="Womens">Womens</span> <span word="Management">Management</span> <span word="Development">Development</span> <span word="Network">Network</span> <span word="provide">provide</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="range">range</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="opportunities">opportunities</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="enhance">enhance</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="skills">skills</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="contacts">contacts</span>. <span word="However">However</span>, <span word="Ariane">Ariane</span> <span word="Antal">Antal</span>, <span word="director">director</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="International">International</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Organization">Organization</span> <span word="Change">Change</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Archamps">Archamps</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="France">France</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="anecdotal">anecdotal</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="recruitment">recruitment</span> <span word="patterns">patterns</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="said">said</span>: <span word="Its">Its</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="shortlists">shortlists</span> -<span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="hurdles">hurdles</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="barriers">barriers</span>. <span word="She">She</span> <span word="agreed">agreed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="positive">positive</span> <span word="signs">signs</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="said">said</span>: <span word="Until">Until</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="belief">belief</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="employers">employers</span>, <span word="until">until</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="difference">difference</span>, <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="change">change</span>.47. <span word="From">From</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="passage">passage</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="males">males</span> <span word="applicants">applicants</span> ______ <span word="female">female</span> <span word="applicants">applicants</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="top">top</span> <span word="posts">posts</span>. 48. <span word="Women">Women</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> ______ <span word="than">than</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="apply">apply</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="positions">positions</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="attending">attending</span> <span word="interviews">interviews</span>. 49. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="aspect">aspect</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="company">company</span> <span word="structuring">structuring</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="disadvantaged">disadvantaged</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="management">management</span> <span word="positions">positions</span>? 50. <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Sears">Sears</span>; <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="female">female</span>-<span word="run">run</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="is">is</span> ______. 51. <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="attitude">attitude</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="recruitment">recruitment</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="equality">equality</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="workforce">workforce</span>? 47. <span word="exceed">exceed</span>/<span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 48. <span word="well">well</span>-<span word="prepared">prepared</span>/<span word="better">better</span> <span word="qualified">qualified</span> 49. <span word="De">De</span>-<span word="layering">layering</span>. 50. <span word="increasing">increasing</span>/<span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> 51. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="employers">employers</span>. /<span word="Employers">Employers</span>. <span word="Part">Part</span> Ⅳ <span word="Reading">Reading</span> <span word="Comprehension">Comprehension</span> <span word="Section">Section</span> <span word="A">A</span> 47.第一段第一句说女性在应聘中、高管理职位的时候成功率比男性高。紧接着作者又补充了<span word="But">But</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="course">course</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="fewer">fewer</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="apply">apply</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="positions">positions</span>.，可见应聘中、高管理职位的女性要比男性少。这也是她们成功率高的原因之一。因此，应该填写的答案是超过的意思，可以填<span word="exceed">exceed</span>或者<span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span>。 48.第二段在分析女性管理职位申请者成功率高的时候，提及<span word="Women">Women</span> <span word="tend">tend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="thoroughly">thoroughly</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="applying">applying</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="positions">positions</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="attending">attending</span> <span word="interviews">interviews</span>.，可见在应聘或者面试前，女性会做充分而彻底的调研，以对公司和工作有所了解，使自己成为<span word="exceptional">exceptional</span> <span word="candidate">candidate</span>，因此女性比男性准备更充分。所以我们可以概括为<span word="well">well</span>-<span word="prepared">prepared</span>。另外，从第二段第三句<span word="Dr">Dr</span>. <span word="Marx">Marx</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="apply">apply</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="positions">positions</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="tend">tend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="qualified">qualified</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="male">male</span> <span word="counterparts">counterparts</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="selective">selective</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="conservative">conservative</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="search">search</span>.可见女性考虑周到、准备充分使自己更为合格。因此，我们电可以填写<span word="better">better</span> <span word="qualified">qualified</span>。 49.第四段第一句说欧洲最近经济不景气，公司出现管理结构等级减少的特点。<span word="de">de</span>-<span word="layering">layering</span>的意思和<span word="layering">layering</span>相反，是指公司在经济萧条的时候，精减原有的管理机构，使等级变少，人员减少。作者接着补充了...<span word="this">this</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="halted">halted</span> <span word="progress">progress</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="de">de</span>-<span word="layering">layering</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="either">either</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="layers">layers</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="aspire">aspire</span> <span word="to">to</span>.可见管理机构的精简使女性获得管理职位的希望变小了。因此，答案为<span word="De">De</span>-<span word="layering">layering</span>.。 50.根据第四段最后一句<span word="Sears">Sears</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="noted">noted</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="positive">positive</span> <span word="trend">trend</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="recession">recession</span>，<span word="which">which</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="started">started</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span>.可知<span word="Sears">Sears</span>还注意到在萧条时期的一个积极的趋势：越来越多的女性自己开办企业。因此，正确答案是<span word="increasing">increasing</span>或者含义相似的表达。 51.由文章最后一句<span word="Until">Until</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="belief">belief</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="employers">employers</span>，<span word="until">until</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="difference">difference</span>， <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="change">change</span>.可见要改变态度的是雇主们。因此，答案为<span word="The">The</span> <span word="employers">employers</span>./ <span word="Employers">Employers</span>.。 </p>
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