英语六级阅读模拟训练(11)
<p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="practice">practice</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="assigning">assigning</span> <span word="masculine">masculine</span> <span word="gender">gender</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="neutral">neutral</span> <span word="terms">terms</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="reflects">reflects</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="prejudices">prejudices</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="evolved">evolved</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="evolved">evolved</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="history">history</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="male">male</span>-<span word="centered">centered</span>, <span word="patriarchal">patriarchal</span> <span word="society">society</span>. <span word="Like">Like</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="language">language</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="English">English</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="changing">changing</span>. <span word="One">One</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="aloud">aloud</span> <span word="sentences">sentences</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> 19<span word="th">th</span> <span word="century">century</span> <span word="hooks">hooks</span> <span word="assigned">assigned</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="class">class</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sense">sense</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shifts">shifts</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="occurred">occurred</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> 150 <span word="years">years</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="readers">readers</span> <span word="pick">pick</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="read">read</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="expect">expect</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="conventions">conventions</span> <span word="depending">depending</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="material">material</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="written">written</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="writers">writers</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1995, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="aware">aware</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="conventions">conventions</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="readers">readers</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="expect">expect</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="conscious">conscious</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="responses">responses</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="elicit">elicit</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="addition">addition</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shifting">shifting</span> <span word="nature">nature</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="awkward">awkward</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="misleading">misleading</span>.</p><p> <span word="Man">Man</span></p><p> <span word="Man">Man</span> once was a truly generic word referring to all humans, but has gradually narrowed in meaning to become a word that refers to adult male human beings. Anglo-Saxons used the word to refer to all people. One example of this occurs when an Anglo-Saxon writer refers to a seventh-century English princess as a wonderful man. Man paralleled the Latin word homo, a member of the human species. not vir, an adult male of the species. The Old English word for adult male was waepman and the old English word for adult woman was wifman. In the course of time, wifman evolved into the word woman. Man eventually ceased to be used to refer to individual women and replaced waepman as a specific term distinguishing an adult male from an adult female. But man continued to be used in generalizations about both sexes.</p>
页:
[1]