六级考试阅读理解真题精选练习(27)
<p> <span word="War">War</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="expression">expression</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="biological">biological</span> <span word="instincts">instincts</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="drives">drives</span> <span word="toward">toward</span> <span word="aggression">aggression</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="species">species</span>. <span word="Natural">Natural</span> <span word="impulses">impulses</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="anger">anger</span>, <span word="hostility">hostility</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="territorialityare">territorialityare</span> <span word="expressed">expressed</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="acts">acts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="violence">violence</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="qualities">qualities</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="humans">humans</span> <span word="share">share</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="animals">animals</span>. <span word="Aggression">Aggression</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="innatesurvival">innatesurvival</span> <span word="mechanism">mechanism</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="instinct">instinct</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="self">self</span>-<span word="preservation">preservation</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="allows">allows</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="defend">defend</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="threats">threats</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="existence">existence</span>. <span word="But">But</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>, <span word="human">human</span> <span word="violence">violence</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="learned">learned</span> <span word="behavior">behavior</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="aggression">aggression</span>, <span word="violence">violence</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="simply">simply</span> <span word="reduced">reduced</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="instinct">instinct</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="expressions">expressions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="violence">violence</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="conditioned">conditioned</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="conventions">conventions</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="shape">shape</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="aggressive">aggressive</span> <span word="behavior">behavior</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="societies">societies</span> <span word="violence">violence</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="function">function</span>: <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="strategy">strategy</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="creating">creating</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="destroying">destroying</span> <span word="forms">forms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="order">order</span>. <span word="Religious">Religious</span> <span word="traditions">traditions</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="leading">leading</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="directing">directing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="powers">powers</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="violence">violence</span>. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ritual">ritual</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ethicalpatterns">ethicalpatterns</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="violence">violence</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="directed">directed</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="violence">violence</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="controlled">controlled</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="institutions">institutions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="law">law</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="legal">legal</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="becomes">becomes</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="takes">takes</span> <span word="responsibility">responsibility</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="discovery">discovery</span> , <span word="control">control</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="punishment">punishment</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="violent">violent</span> <span word="acts">acts</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="tribal">tribal</span> <span word="societies">societies</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="act">act</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="violence">violence</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="revenge">revenge</span>. <span word="Each">Each</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="responsibility">responsibility</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="personally">personally</span> <span word="carrying">carrying</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="judgment">judgment</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="punishment">punishment</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="committed">committed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="offense">offense</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="legal">legal</span> <span word="systems">systems</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="responsibility">responsibility</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="revenge">revenge</span> <span word="becomes">becomes</span> <span word="depersonalized">depersonalized</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="diffused">diffused</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="assumes">assumes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="responsibility">responsibility</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="protecting">protecting</span> <span word="individuals">individuals</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="violence">violence</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="cases">cases</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="protected">protected</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="imposing">imposing</span> <span word="punishment">punishment</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="controlled">controlled</span> <span word="legal">legal</span> <span word="system">system</span>, <span word="individuals">individuals</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="removed">removed</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cycle">cycle</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="revenge">revenge</span> <span word="motivated">motivated</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="acts">acts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="violence">violence</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="assumes">assumes</span> <span word="responsibility">responsibility</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="protection">protection</span>.</p>
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