六级阅读SpeedReading的实战练习五
<p><span word="Passage">Passage</span> <span word="Five">Five</span></p><p><span word="A">A</span> <span word="balanced">balanced</span> <span word="diet">diet</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="provides">provides</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="adequate">adequate</span> <span word="intake">intake</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="nutrients">nutrients</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="maintenance">maintenance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="therefore">therefore</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="health">health</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="diet">diet</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="easily">easily</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="adequate">adequate</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="normal">normal</span> <span word="bodily">bodily</span> <span word="functioning">functioning</span>, <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="balanced">balanced</span> <span word="diet">diet</span>.</p><p><span word="Carbohydrates">Carbohydrates</span></p><p><span word="Carbohydrates">Carbohydrates</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rapid">rapid</span> <span word="source">source</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bodys">bodys</span> <span word="fuel">fuel</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="bulk">bulk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="balanced">balanced</span> <span word="diet">diet</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="carbohydrates">carbohydrates</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="eaten">eaten</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="excess">excess</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dietary">dietary</span> <span word="requirements">requirements</span> <span word="carbohydrates">carbohydrates</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="easily">easily</span> <span word="stored">stored</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="fats">fats</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cells">cells</span>, <span word="although">although</span> <span word="carbohydrate">carbohydrate</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="source">source</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="body">body</span>.</p><p><span word="An">An</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="adult">adult</span> <span word="requires">requires</span> <span word="about">about</span> 12,000<span word="kJ">kJ</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="day">day</span>, <span word="most">most</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="supplied">supplied</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="respiration">respiration</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="carbohydrates">carbohydrates</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cells">cells</span>.</p><p><span word="Carbohydrates">Carbohydrates</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="principally">principally</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="respiratory">respiratory</span> <span word="substrates">substrates</span>, <span word="i">i</span>.<span word="e">e</span>. <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="oxidised">oxidised</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="release">release</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="active">active</span> <span word="transport">transport</span>, <span word="macromolecule">macromolecule</span> <span word="synthesis">synthesis</span>, <span word="cell">cell</span> <span word="division">division</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="muscle">muscle</span> <span word="contraction">contraction</span>. <span word="Carbohydrates">Carbohydrates</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="digested">digested</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="duodenum">duodenum</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ileum">ileum</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="absorbed">absorbed</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="glucose">glucose</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="cells">cells</span>. <span word="Sources">Sources</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="carbohydrates">carbohydrates</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="starch">starch</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="rice">rice</span>, <span word="potatoes">potatoes</span>, <span word="wheat">wheat</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="cereals">cereals</span>. <span word="Sugars">Sugars</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="carbohydrates">carbohydrates</span>, <span word="sources">sources</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sugars">sugars</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="refined">refined</span> <span word="sugar">sugar</span> - <span word="sucrose">sucrose</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="sweetener">sweetener</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="preservative">preservative</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fruit">fruit</span> <span word="sugars">sugars</span> - <span word="fructose">fructose</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="diet">diet</span> <span word="lacks">lacks</span> <span word="carbohydrate">carbohydrate</span> <span word="stores">stores</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="fat">fat</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="mobilised">mobilised</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="source">source</span>.</p><p><span word="Proteins">Proteins</span></p><p><span word="Protein">Protein</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="direct">direct</span> <span word="source">source</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="body">body</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="primarily">primarily</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="repair">repair</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="tissues">tissues</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="remaining">remaining</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="source">source</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="resort">resort</span>. <span word="Proteins">Proteins</span> <span word="fulfill">fulfill</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wide">wide</span> <span word="variety">variety</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="roles">roles</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="body">body</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="broken">broken</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="stomach">stomach</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="intestines">intestines</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="amino">amino</span> <span word="acids">acids</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="absorbed">absorbed</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="form">form</span> 8 <span word="amino">amino</span> <span word="acids">acids</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="build">build</span> <span word="proteins">proteins</span> <span word="from">from</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="diet">diet</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="provide">provide</span> <span word="Essential">Essential</span> <span word="Amino">Amino</span> <span word="Acids">Acids</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="synthesised">synthesised</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="proteins">proteins</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="structural">structural</span>, <span word="i">i</span>.<span word="e">e</span>. <span word="collagen">collagen</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="bone">bone</span>, <span word="keratin">keratin</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="hair">hair</span>, <span word="myosin">myosin</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="actin">actin</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="muscle">muscle</span>; <span word="metabolic">metabolic</span> <span word="enzymes">enzymes</span>, <span word="hemoglobin">hemoglobin</span>, <span word="protective">protective</span> <span word="antibodies">antibodies</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="communicative">communicative</span> <span word="hormones">hormones</span>.</p>
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