20大学英语六级假期备考：攻克阅读长难句的窍门
<p> 在切入正题之前，大家可以先看下面一道题目:</p><p> 12345678901112=？我可以肯定有部分人能很快得出答案，而另一部分人则要算比较长的时间，问题在哪呢？我想就在与你是否有整体意识，看到一道题目之前先不要急于去算，应先从整体上看一下题目有无规律可循。</p><p> 如果把这个原理应用在阅读中就是准确快速得提取出句子的主干，这样不仅能加快阅读速度，而且能够准确的理解句子的意思.</p><p> 举例：<span word="Under">Under</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="deployed">deployed</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="WhiteHouse">WhiteHouse</span> <span word="Web">Web</span> <span word="site">site</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="time">time</span>,<span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="send">send</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="message">message</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="PresidentBush">PresidentBush</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="navigate">navigate</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="nine">nine</span> <span word="Web">Web</span> <span word="pages">pages</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fill">fill</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="detailed">detailed</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="starts">starts</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="asking">asking</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="message">message</span> <span word="sender">sender</span> <span word="supports">supports</span> <span word="WhiteHouse">WhiteHouse</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="differs">differs</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="it">it</span>.</p><p> 分析技巧如下：在长难句中象以介词短语开头的这部分可以先不理会，重要的是找出句子主的干，在这句话中可以提取主干为：<span word="Those">Those</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="navigate">navigate</span> <span word="nine">nine</span> <span word="Web">Web</span> <span word="pages">pages</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fill">fill</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="detailed">detailed</span> <span word="form">form</span>.主干意思都能很容易理解，然后再把细节添加上。如果你看到这个句子后一个词接一个词的翻译，会大大影响理解的速度，可能会出现读了很长时间但还是弄不清楚这个句子到底说的什么情况。另外象长句子中常见的诸如过去分词形式的词比如<span word="deployed">deployed</span>,<span word="detailed">detailed</span>,这2个词虽然形式一样但是在句中的功能却截然不同，<span word="deployed">deployed</span>是过去分词做后置定语修饰<span word="system">system</span>,而第二个<span word="detailed">detailed</span>却是起着形容词的作用，即过去分词形式的形容词修饰<span word="form">form</span>。我经过阅读大量的文章发现，象这种形式的词在句子中一般就这2种作用：一是过去分词前无谓语动词，过去分词直接跟在名词后面，这种词起后置定语作用，二是过去分词位于名词之前，这种情况下就起着形容词的作用。所以以后在碰到这样的词不用发愁不知道它在句子中到底有什么用，只要按上面2种思路考虑，一般都能准确地判断出词在句子中的意思。</p>
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