2014年提高六级阅读水平的一个有效途径
<p> 阅读理解是六级考试中的重中之重，阅读能力的提高对准确理解文章、回答问题有着直接的意义。为了更准确地理解文章，除了我们日常所说的必备条件以外，比如对单词数量的要求、对语法结构知识的要求等等，还有一个工具可以利用，即利用文章结构特点从宏观层面对作者意图作深入的理解。这主要是由于英文文体与汉语文章结构完全不同，英文文章组合多呈线性排列，段与段、段内各部分之间有机结合，有着比汉语更强的逻辑连接关系。因此，我们在很多情况下可以根据英文文章结构的这一特点，更好地洞察作者本意。以2000年1月的六级考试真题阅读部分的第3篇文章为例(为方便起见，注上段号)。</p><p> (<span word="I">I</span>)<span word="Conventional">Conventional</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="conflict">conflict</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="pretty">pretty</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dried">dried</span>. <span word="Too">Too</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="conflict">conflict</span> <span word="breeds">breeds</span> <span word="apathy">apathy</span>(冷漠) <span word="and">and</span> <span word="stagnation">stagnation</span>(呆滞).<span word="Too">Too</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="conflict">conflict</span> <span word="leads">leads</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="divisiveness">divisiveness</span>(分裂)<span word="and">and</span> <span word="hostility">hostility</span>.<span word="Moderate">Moderate</span> <span word="levels">levels</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="conflict">conflict</span>，<span word="however">however</span>，<span word="can">can</span> <span word="spark">spark</span> <span word="creativity">creativity</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="motivate">motivate</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="healthy">healthy</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="competitive">competitive</span> <span word="way">way</span>.</p><p> (<span word="II">II</span>)<span word="Recent">Recent</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Professor">Professor</span> <span word="Charles">Charles</span> <span word="R">R</span>.<span word="Schwenk">Schwenk</span>，<span word="however">however</span>，<span word="suggests">suggests</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="optimal">optimal</span> <span word="level">level</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="conflict">conflict</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="complex">complex</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="determine">determine</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="simple">simple</span> <span word="generalizations">generalizations</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="studied">studied</span> <span word="perceptions">perceptions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="conflict">conflict</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sample">sample</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="executives">executives</span>.<span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="executives">executives</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="profit">profit</span>-<span word="seeking">seeking</span> <span word="organizations">organizations</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="not">not</span>-<span word="for">for</span>-<span word="profit">profit</span> <span word="organiza">organiza</span>- <span word="tions">tions</span>.</p>
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