淘金高阶英语六级巅峰阅读 篇章阅读13：文化研究
<p> 篇章阅读13：文化研究</p><p> <span word="Researchers">Researchers</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="unfamiliar">unfamiliar</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cultural">cultural</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="studying">studying</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="extra">extra</span> <span word="precautions">precautions</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="shed">shed</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="biases">biases</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="bring">bring</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="culture">culture</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="sure">sure</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="construct">construct</span> <span word="measures">measures</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="meaningful">meaningful</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cultural">cultural</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="minority">minority</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="studied">studied</span>.</p><p> <span word="In">In</span> <span word="conducting">conducting</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="cultural">cultural</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="minority">minority</span> <span word="issues">issues</span>, <span word="investigators">investigators</span> <span word="distinguish">distinguish</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="emic">emic</span> <span word="approach">approach</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="etic">etic</span> <span word="approach">approach</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="emic">emic</span> <span word="approach">approach</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="goal">goal</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="describe">describe</span> <span word="behavior">behavior</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="terms">terms</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="meaningful">meaningful</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="group">group</span>,<span word="without">without</span> <span word="regard">regard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="cultures">cultures</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="groups">groups</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="etic">etic</span> <span word="approach">approach</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="goal">goal</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="describe">describe</span> <span word="behavior">behavior</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="generalizations">generalizations</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="cultures">cultures</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="construct">construct</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="questionnaire">questionnaire</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="emic">emic</span> <span word="fashion">fashion</span>, <span word="their">their</span> <span word="concern">concern</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="questions">questions</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="meaningful">meaningful</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="beingstudied">beingstudied</span>. <span word="If">If</span>. <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="construct">construct</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="questionnaire">questionnaire</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="etic">etic</span> <span word="fashion">fashion</span>,<span word="they">they</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="include">include</span> <span word="questions">questions</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="reflet">reflet</span> <span word="concepts">concepts</span> <span word="familiar">familiar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="cultures">cultures</span> <span word="involved">involved</span>.</p><p> <span word="How">How</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="emic">emic</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="etic">etic</span> <span word="approaches">approaches</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="reflected">reflected</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="processes">processes</span>? <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="emic">emic</span> <span word="approach">approach</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="choose">choose</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="focus">focus</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="middle">middle</span>-<span word="class">class</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="families">families</span>, <span word="without">without</span> <span word="regard">regard</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="obtained">obtained</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="generalized">generalized</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="appropriate">appropriate</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="minority">minority</span> <span word="groups">groups</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="subsequent">subsequent</span> <span word="study">study</span>. <span word="the">the</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="decide">decide</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="adopt">adopt</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="etic">etic</span> <span word="approach">approach</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="studying">studying</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="middle">middle</span>-<span word="class">class</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="families">families</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="lower">lower</span>-<span word="income">income</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="families">families</span>. <span word="Black">Black</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="families">families</span>, <span word="Spanish">Spanish</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="families">families</span>. <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Asian">Asian</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="families">families</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="studying">studying</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="minority">minority</span> <span word="families">families</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="discover">discover</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="extended">extended</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="frequently">frequently</span> <span word="a">a</span>, <span word="support">support</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="minority">minority</span> <span word="families">families</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="families">families</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="so">so</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="emic">emic</span> <span word="approach">approach</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="reveal">reveal</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="pattern">pattern</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="interaction">interaction</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="etic">etic</span> <span word="approach">approach</span>, <span word="documenting">documenting</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="middle">middle</span>-<span word="class">class</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="families">families</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="generalized">generalized</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span> <span word="groups">groups</span>.</p>
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