英语六级阅读理解精炼:衰老是个发展过程
<p> <span word="Aging">Aging</span> <span word="As">As</span> <span word="Development">Development</span></p><p> <span word="Human">Human</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="process">process</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="psychologists">psychologists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="attempted">attempted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="identify">identify</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="tasks">tasks</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="accomplished">accomplished</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="stage">stage</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="development">development</span>. <span word="Successful">Successful</span> <span word="completion">completion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="tasks">tasks</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="stage">stage</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="normally">normally</span> <span word="proceeds">proceeds</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="stage">stage</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="tasks">tasks</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="recognized">recognized</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="tasks">tasks</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="aged">aged</span>1 <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="younger">younger</span>. <span word="Aging">Aging</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="words">words</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="stage">stage</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="developmental">developmental</span> <span word="process">process</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="life">life</span>.</p><p> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="developmental">developmental</span> <span word="tasks">tasks</span> <span word="faced">faced</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="aged">aged</span>? <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="tasks">tasks</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="groups">groups</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="peculiar">peculiar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="elderly">elderly</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="nineteenth">nineteenth</span> <span word="century">century</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="instance">instance</span>, <span word="most">most</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="transition">transition</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="retirement">retirement</span>. <span word="Typically">Typically</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="disability">disability</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="death">death</span>. <span word="Few">Few</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="empty">empty</span> <span word="nest">nest</span>2 <span word="problem">problem</span>, <span word="since">since</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="either">either</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="returned">returned</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="elderly">elderly</span> <span word="parents">parents</span>.</p><p> <span word="Today">Today</span>, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="seventies">seventies</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="eighties">eighties</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="developmental">developmental</span> <span word="tasks">tasks</span> <span word="facing">facing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="elderly">elderly</span>. <span word="First">First</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="aged">aged</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="terms">terms</span> <span word="with">with</span>3 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="physical">physical</span> <span word="limitations">limitations</span> <span word="inherent">inherent</span> <span word="in">in</span>4 <span word="their">their</span> <span word="stage">stage</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="life">life</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="engage">engage</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="activities">activities</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="successfully">successfully</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="could">could</span>. <span word="Second">Second</span>, <span word="having">having</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="terms">terms</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="limitations">limitations</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="older">older</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="redefine">redefine</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scope">scope</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="activities">activities</span>. <span word="Third">Third</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="older">older</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="sources">sources</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="satisfying">satisfying</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="needs">needs</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="particularly">particularly</span> <span word="acute">acute</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="retirement">retirement</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="hold">hold</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="ethic">ethic</span>.</p>
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