英语六级阅读真题长难句解析(6)
<p> 下面是2014年6月英语六级阅读真题长难句解析，请考生仔细分析句子结构。</p><p> 1. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="unpleasant">unpleasant</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="survive">survive</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="beginning">beginning</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="wholly">wholly</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="trial">trial</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="error">error</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="decisions">decisions</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="prove">prove</span> <span word="fatal">fatal</span>.</p><p> 【译文】这是个困难而又糟糕的事，因为如果动物出生后不得不从头学习生存本领，并且仅仅依靠尝试错误体验世界，那么只有极少数动物能够存活，因为它们做出的决定有可能是致命的。</p><p> 【析句】复合句。主句由<span word="and">and</span>连接两个并列句子组成，<span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="unpleasant">unpleasant</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="survive">survive</span>, <span word="and">and</span>前的句子是简单句，<span word="and">and</span>后的句子后又跟有<span word="if">if</span>引导的条件状语从句和<span word="for">for</span>引导的原因状语从句<span word="for">for</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="decisions">decisions</span>,<span word="decisions">decisions</span>又有<span word="which">which</span>引导的定语从句修饰。</p><p> 2. <span word="Vigorous">Vigorous</span> <span word="criticism">criticism</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="constructive">constructive</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="endeavor">endeavor</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="adequate">adequate</span> <span word="standards">standards</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="validity">validity</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="agreed">agreed</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="competent">competent</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="over">over</span>.</p><p> 【译文】激烈的批评在科学界比在其他人类智慧领域更能起到建设性的作用，这是因为在科学世界里有足够多的有效标准，这些标准被全世界的优秀科学家们共同认可。</p><p> 【析句】复合句。主句<span word="Vigorous">Vigorous</span> <span word="criticism">criticism</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="constructive">constructive</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="endeavor">endeavor</span>,句中主要包含了比较级，具体是介词短语的比较级。主句后是原因状语从句<span word="because">because</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="adequate">adequate</span> <span word="standards">standards</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="validity">validity</span>,定语从句<span word="which">which</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="agreed">agreed</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="by">by</span>...修饰<span word="standards">standards</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="validity">validity</span>。</p>
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