英语专四阅读模拟习题(工作中的年龄歧视)
<p> <span word="Recently">Recently</span>, <span word="Congressional">Congressional</span> <span word="Democrats">Democrats</span> <span word="introduced">introduced</span> <span word="legislation">legislation</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="easier">easier</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="older">older</span> <span word="workers">workers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="win">win</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="lawsuits">lawsuits</span>. <span word="Age">Age</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="significant">significant</span> <span word="workplace">workplace</span> <span word="issue">issue</span>.</p><p> <span word="In">In</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="years">years</span>, 15.79 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cases">cases</span> <span word="brought">brought</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Equal">Equal</span> <span word="Employment">Employment</span> <span word="Opportunity">Opportunity</span> <span word="Commission">Commission</span>, <span word="were">were</span> <span word="described">described</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="successful">successful</span> <span word="claims">claims</span>. <span word="While">While</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="workers">workers</span> <span word="covered">covered</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Age">Age</span> <span word="Discrimination">Discrimination</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Employment">Employment</span> <span word="Act">Act</span>, <span word="many">many</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="most">most</span>, <span word="instances">instances</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="sued">sued</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cases">cases</span> <span word="hiring">hiring</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="undetected">undetected</span>.</p><p> <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="sue">sue</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="white">white</span>, <span word="male">male</span> <span word="middle">middle</span>-<span word="managers">managers</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sizeable">sizeable</span> <span word="salary">salary</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="pension">pension</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="part">part</span>, <span word="other">other</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="sue">sue</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="costs">costs</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lawsuit">lawsuit</span> <span word="outweigh">outweigh</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="potential">potential</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span>. <span word="Age">Age</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="significant">significant</span> <span word="workplace">workplace</span> <span word="issue">issue</span>.</p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="strong">strong</span> <span word="experimental">experimental</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="hiring">hiring</span>, <span word="at">at</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="entry">entry</span>-<span word="level">level</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span>. <span word="Recently">Recently</span>, <span word="I">I</span> <span word="performed">performed</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="labor">labor</span> <span word="market">market</span> <span word="experiment">experiment</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Boston">Boston</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="sent">sent</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="thousands">thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="resumes">resumes</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="fictitious">fictitious</span> <span word="entry">entry</span>-<span word="level">level</span> <span word="female">female</span> <span word="candidates">candidates</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="measured">measured</span> <span word="response">response</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="based">based</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="date">date</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="graduation">graduation</span>. <span word="Among">Among</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="group">group</span>, <span word="younger">younger</span> <span word="applicants">applicants</span>, <span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="date">date</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="graduation">graduation</span> <span word="indicated">indicated</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="than">than</span> 50 <span word="years">years</span> <span word="old">old</span>, <span word="were">were</span> 40 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="interview">interview</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="older">older</span> <span word="applicants">applicants</span>.</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="employment">employment</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="worse">worse</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="older">older</span> <span word="workers">workers</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="workers">workers</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="bad">bad</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span> <span word="lawsuits">lawsuits</span> <span word="increases">increases</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="unemployment">unemployment</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="finding">finding</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="indicate">indicate</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="level">level</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="discrimination">discrimination</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="unemployment">unemployment</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="opportunity">opportunity</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lawsuit">lawsuit</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="good">good</span>.</p>
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