专八阅读：喜怒形于色
<p> 2012英语专业八级阅读理解模拟题(6)</p><p> <span word="Joy">Joy</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="sadness">sadness</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="experienced">experienced</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="cultures">cultures</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="happy">happy</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="despondent">despondent</span>? <span word="It">It</span> <span word="turns">turns</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="expression">expression</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="emotions">emotions</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="universal">universal</span>. <span word="Smiling">Smiling</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="apparently">apparently</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="universal">universal</span> <span word="sign">sign</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="friendliness">friendliness</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="approval">approval</span>. <span word="Baring">Baring</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="teeth">teeth</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hostile">hostile</span> <span word="way">way</span>, <span word="asnoted">asnoted</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Charles">Charles</span> <span word="Darwin">Darwin</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="nineteenth">nineteenth</span> <span word="century">century</span>, <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="universe">universe</span> <span word="sign">sign</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="anger">anger</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="originator">originator</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="theory">theory</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="evolution">evolution</span>, <span word="Darwin">Darwin</span> <span word="believed">believed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="universal">universal</span> <span word="recognition">recognition</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="facial">facial</span> <span word="expressions">expressions</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="survival">survival</span> <span word="value">value</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="facial">facial</span> <span word="expressions">expressions</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="signal">signal</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="approach">approach</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="enemies">enemies</span> (<span word="or">or</span> <span word="friends">friends</span>) <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="absence">absence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="language">language</span>.</p><p> <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="investigators">investigators</span> <span word="concur">concur</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="facial">facial</span> <span word="expressions">expressions</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="emotions">emotions</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="people">people</span>. <span word="Moreover">Moreover</span>, <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="diverse">diverse</span> <span word="cultures">cultures</span> <span word="recognize">recognize</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="emotions">emotions</span> <span word="manifested">manifested</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="facial">facial</span> <span word="expressions">expressions</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="classic">classic</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="Paul">Paul</span> <span word="Ekman">Ekman</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="photographs">photographs</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="exhibiting">exhibiting</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="emotions">emotions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="anger">anger</span>, <span word="disgust">disgust</span>, <span word="fear">fear</span>, <span word="happiness">happiness</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="sadness">sadness</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="indicate">indicate</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="emotions">emotions</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="depicted">depicted</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="them">them</span>. <span word="Those">Those</span> <span word="queried">queried</span> <span word="ranged">ranged</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="European">European</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fore">Fore</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tribe">tribe</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="dwells">dwells</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="Guinea">Guinea</span> <span word="highlands">highlands</span>. <span word="All">All</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="including">including</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fore">Fore</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="contact">contact</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Western">Western</span> <span word="culture">culture</span>, <span word="agreed">agreed</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="portrayed">portrayed</span> <span word="emotions">emotions</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Fore">Fore</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="displayed">displayed</span> <span word="familiar">familiar</span> <span word="facial">facial</span> <span word="expressions">expressions</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="respond">respond</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="characters">characters</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="stories">stories</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="basic">basic</span> <span word="emotional">emotional</span> <span word="responses">responses</span>. <span word="Ekman">Ekman</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="colleagues">colleagues</span> <span word="morerecently">morerecently</span> <span word="obtained">obtained</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="results">results</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="cultures">cultures</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="participants">participants</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="permitted">permitted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="multiple">multiple</span> <span word="emotions">emotions</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="facial">facial</span> <span word="expressions">expressions</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="participants">participants</span> <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="agreed">agreed</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="emotions">emotions</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="emotion">emotion</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="intense">intense</span>.</p>
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