2012年考研英语阅读理解试题及答案（3）
<p> <span word="Passage">Passage</span> 3</p><p> <span word="Everyone">Everyone</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="San">San</span> <span word="Andreas">Andreas</span> <span word="fault">fault</span> （断层）, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="constantly">constantly</span> <span word="threatens">threatens</span> <span word="California">California</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="West">West</span> <span word="Coast">Coast</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="earthquakes">earthquakes</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="equally">equally</span> <span word="serious">serious</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="Madrid">Madrid</span> <span word="fault">fault</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Missouri">Missouri</span>?</p><p> <span word="Between">Between</span> <span word="December">December</span> <span word="of">of</span> 1811 <span word="and">and</span> <span word="February">February</span> <span word="of">of</span> 1812, <span word="three">three</span> <span word="major">major</span> <span word="earthquakes">earthquakes</span> <span word="occurred">occurred</span>, <span word="all">all</span> <span word="centered">centered</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="town">town</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="Madrid">Madrid</span>, <span word="Missouri">Missouri</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Mississippi">Mississippi</span> <span word="River">River</span>. <span word="Property">Property</span> <span word="damage">damage</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="severe">severe</span>. <span word="Buildings">Buildings</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="area">area</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="destroyed">destroyed</span>. <span word="Whole">Whole</span> <span word="forests">forests</span> <span word="fell">fell</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="once">once</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="huge">huge</span> <span word="cracks">cracks</span> <span word="opened">opened</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ground">ground</span>, <span word="allowing">allowing</span> <span word="smell">smell</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sulfur">sulfur</span>（硫磺）<span word="to">to</span> <span word="filter">filter</span> <span word="upward">upward</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Mississippi">Mississippi</span> <span word="River">River</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="completely">completely</span> <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="character">character</span>, <span word="developing">developing</span> <span word="sudden">sudden</span> <span word="rapids">rapids</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="whirlpools">whirlpools</span>. <span word="Several">Several</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="course">course</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="once">once</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="observers">observers</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="actually">actually</span> <span word="appeared">appeared</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="run">run</span> <span word="backwards">backwards</span>.<span word="Few">Few</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="killed">killed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="Marid">Marid</span> <span word="earthquakes">earthquakes</span>, <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="simply">simply</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="area">area</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1811; <span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="severity">severity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="earthquakes">earthquakes</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shock">shock</span> <span word="waves">waves</span> <span word="rang">rang</span> <span word="bells">bells</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="church">church</span> <span word="towers">towers</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Charleston">Charleston</span>, <span word="South">South</span> <span word="Carolina">Carolina</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="coast">coast</span>. <span word="Buildings">Buildings</span> <span word="shook">shook</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span> <span word="City">City</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="clocks">clocks</span> <span word="wer">wer</span> <span word="stopped">stopped</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Washington">Washington</span>, <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="C">C</span>. <span word="Scientists">Scientists</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Americas">Americas</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="major">major</span> <span word="faults">faults</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="essentially">essentially</span> <span word="different">different</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="San">San</span> <span word="Andreas">Andreas</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="horizontal">horizontal</span> <span word="boundary">boundary</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="major">major</span> <span word="land">land</span> <span word="masses">masses</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="slowly">slowly</span> <span word="moving">moving</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="opposite">opposite</span> <span word="directions">directions</span>. <span word="California">California</span> <span word="earthquakes">earthquakes</span> <span word="result">result</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="movement">movement</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="masses">masses</span> <span word="suddenly">suddenly</span> <span word="lurches">lurches</span> （倾斜） <span word="forward">forward</span>.</p>
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