2015考研英语阅读看住钱包
<p> <span word="Watch">Watch</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="wallets">wallets</span>: <span word="the">the</span> <span word="baby">baby</span>-<span word="boomers">boomers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="beginningto">beginningto</span> <span word="retire">retire</span></p><p> 看住钱包：生育高峰期的一代人正在退休</p><p> <span word="WHEN">WHEN</span> <span word="MOST">MOST</span> <span word="LABOUR">LABOUR</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="agricultural">agricultural</span>, <span word="peoplegenerally">peoplegenerally</span> <span word="toiled">toiled</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fields">fields</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="dropped">dropped</span>. <span word="Theidea">Theidea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="formal">formal</span> <span word="retirement">retirement</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="feasibleuntil">feasibleuntil</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="moved">moved</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="farms">farms</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="factories">factories</span>. <span word="In">In</span> 1889<span word="Otto">Otto</span> <span word="von">von</span> <span word="Bismarck">Bismarck</span> <span word="famously">famously</span> <span word="introduced">introduced</span> <span word="theworlds">theworlds</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="pension">pension</span> <span word="scheme">scheme</span> <span word="inGermany">inGermany</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> 20<span word="th">th</span> <span word="century">century</span>, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="universal">universal</span> <span word="suffrage">suffrage</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="widespread">widespread</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="ofretirement">ofretirement</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mark">mark</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="civilised">civilised</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="democracy">democracy</span>.</p><p> 过去，大多数劳力只是下田干活，直到再也干不动，才结束在土地上辛勤的劳作。自劳动从牧场转到工厂开始，正式退休这个概念才被广为流传。1889年，俾斯麦首次在德国实施第一个养老金方案。20世纪，选举逐渐开始普及，离职后如果能享有一段退休时间，是一个国家文明民主的象征。</p><p> <span word="After">After</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="war">war</span> <span word="pension">pension</span> <span word="provision">provision</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="markedly">markedly</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="elderlypeople">elderlypeople</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="small">small</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1970<span word="s">s</span> <span word="and">and</span> 1980<span word="s">s</span> <span word="caring">caring</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="seemed">seemed</span> <span word="easily">easily</span> <span word="affordable">affordable</span>.<span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="reduced">reduced</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="retirement">retirement</span> <span word="ages">ages</span>.</p><p> 第二次世界大战之后，养老金大幅增涨，而老年人的数量仍旧较少。20世纪70年代和80年代之间，负担照管老年人的费用似乎是件很容易的事情。很多国家甚至降低了退休年龄。</p>
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