2015考研英语阅读肠道细菌可影响情绪
<p> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="GOOD">GOOD</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="yourself">yourself</span> <span word="unpopular">unpopular</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="dinnerparties">dinnerparties</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="typical">typical</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="is">is</span>, <span word="froma">froma</span> <span word="microbiologists">microbiologists</span> <span word="perspective">perspective</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="walking">walking</span>, <span word="talking">talking</span> <span word="Petri">Petri</span> <span word="dish">dish</span>. <span word="An">An</span> <span word="extraordinary">extraordinary</span> <span word="profusion">profusion</span> <span word="ofmicroscopic">ofmicroscopic</span> <span word="critters">critters</span> <span word="inhabit">inhabit</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="crack">crack</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="crevice">crevice</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="typical">typical</span> <span word="human">human</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="theyprobably">theyprobably</span> <span word="outnumber">outnumber</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="dwell">dwell</span>.</p><p> 一个让你自己在晚宴上不受欢迎的好方式就是，从微生物学家的角度指出，一位有代表性的人就是一个会走动并会说话的皮氏培养皿。每位有代表性的人的裂纹和缝隙里生活着无数的微小生物，它们的数目如此之多可能超过它们所依靠并栖息的人体细胞。</p><p> <span word="Happily">Happily</span>, <span word="these">these</span> <span word="microbes">microbes</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="mostly">mostly</span> <span word="harmless">harmless</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span>, <span word="particularly">particularly</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="thegut">thegut</span>, <span word="are">are</span> <span word="positively">positively</span> <span word="beneficial">beneficial</span>, <span word="helping">helping</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="digestion">digestion</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="keeping">keeping</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="intestines">intestines</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="goodworking">goodworking</span> <span word="order">order</span>. <span word="That">That</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="surprisebacteria">surprisebacteria</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="interest">interest</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="keepingtheir">keepingtheir</span> <span word="homes">homes</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="sound">sound</span> <span word="condition">condition</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="surprising">surprising</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="evidencewhich">evidencewhich</span> <span word="suggests">suggests</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="bacteria">bacteria</span> <span word="dwelling">dwelling</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gut">gut</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span>, <span word="too">too</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="therebyinfluence">therebyinfluence</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="individuals">individuals</span> <span word="mood">mood</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="behaviour">behaviour</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="paper">paper</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="topic">topic</span>, <span word="publishedthis">publishedthis</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Proceedings">Proceedings</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="National">National</span> <span word="Academy">Academy</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Sciences">Sciences</span>, <span word="reports">reports</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="results">results</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="mice">mice</span>.</p><p> 幸运地是，这些微生物大部分都是无害的。其中一些，特别是那些生活在消化道里的微生物，实际上是有益的，不仅有助于消化还保持肠道良好的工作秩序。这毫不奇怪细菌和人一样也喜欢保持家园状态完好。奇怪的是，虽然数量不多，但越来越多的证据表明，生活在肠道的细菌也可能影响大脑，继而影响个人的情绪和行为。本周有关该主题的论文刊登在《美国国家科学院院刊》的一篇文章报道了应用小鼠的实验结果。</p>
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