2015考研英语阅读保罗沃尔克
<p> <span word="Paul">Paul</span> <span word="Volcker">Volcker</span></p><p> 保罗沃尔克</p><p> <span word="Tall">Tall</span> <span word="tale">tale</span></p><p> 伟人传奇</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="influential">influential</span> <span word="central">central</span> <span word="banker">banker</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="modernera">modernera</span></p><p> 当代最具影响力的央行行长</p><p> <span word="Volcker">Volcker</span>: <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Triumph">Triumph</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Persistence">Persistence</span>. <span word="By">By</span> <span word="William">William</span> <span word="Silber">Silber</span>. <span word="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</span>;</p><p> 《沃尔克：金石为开》威廉希尔伯著;</p><p> <span word="ALAN">ALAN</span> <span word="GREENSPAN">GREENSPAN</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="famous">famous</span> <span word="central">central</span> <span word="banker">banker</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="era">era</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="PaulVolcker">PaulVolcker</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="influential">influential</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="played">played</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="crucial">crucial</span> <span word="diplomatic">diplomatic</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="thedeath">thedeath</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Bretton">Bretton</span> <span word="Woods">Woods</span> <span word="financial">financial</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="early">early</span> 1970<span word="s">s</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="severed">severed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="linkbetween">linkbetween</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="gold">gold</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ushered">ushered</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="floating">floating</span> <span word="exchange">exchange</span> <span word="rates">rates</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="head">head</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="FederalReserve">FederalReserve</span> <span word="from">from</span> 1979, <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Volcker">Volcker</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="tamed">tamed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="inflation">inflation</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="ensued">ensued</span>, <span word="bringing">bringing</span> <span word="monetarystability">monetarystability</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="face">face</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="political">political</span> <span word="opposition">opposition</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="interest">interest</span> <span word="rates">rates</span> <span word="required">required</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="doingso">doingso</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="template">template</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="management">management</span>, <span word="built">built</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="independentcentral">independentcentral</span> <span word="bank">bank</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="implicit">implicit</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="explicit">explicit</span>, <span word="inflation">inflation</span> <span word="target">target</span>.</p><p> 历任当代央行行长中，或许最知名的是艾伦格林斯潘，但最有影响力的则是保罗沃尔克。他于二十世纪七十年代初扮演着至关重要的外交角色，期间货币与黄金脱钩、浮动汇率制被引入、布雷顿森林体系走向瓦解。1979年，沃尔克出任美联储主席。为了控制随之而来的通货膨胀，沃尔克不顾来自政治方面的反对声音，大幅提高利率，带来了货币稳定。借此，他构建了当代经济管理模式，设立了具有明确/隐含通胀目标的一家独立央行。</p>
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