集资科技
<p> 2015复习正是强化复习阶段，在考研英语中占了40分，所以考研英语阅读是英语科目中重要的一项。名师老师曾建议过考研生需要坚持每天泛读10-15分钟的英文原刊。强烈推荐了杂志《经济学人》.杂志中的文章也是考研英语的主要材料来源.希望考研考生认真阅读，快速提高考研英语阅读水平。 <span word="Crowdfunding">Crowdfunding</span> <span word="science">science</span> 集资科技 <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mickle">mickle</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="muckle">muckle</span> 积跬步致千里 <span word="These">These</span> <span word="days">days</span>, <span word="anyone">anyone</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="scientificphilanthropist">scientificphilanthropist</span> 眼下人人都是科技慈善家 <span word="NECESSITY">NECESSITY</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="proverb">proverb</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="it">it</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="invention">invention</span>. 有句谚语说得好：没有需求，就没有发明。 <span word="And">And</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="inventive">inventive</span>. 科技失去了创新，就变得一文不值了。 <span word="So">So</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="conventional">conventional</span> <span word="sources">sources</span> <span word="ofmoney">ofmoney</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="harder">harder</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tap">tap</span>, <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="creative">creative</span> <span word="minds">minds</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="turning">turning</span> <span word="elsewhere">elsewhere</span>. 所以，当无法轻易获得传统的经济支持时，一些有创造力的科研人员便开始寻求新的资金来源。 <span word="Philanthropic">Philanthropic</span> <span word="sponsorship">sponsorship</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="science">science</span>, <span word="particularly">particularly</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="expensive">expensive</span> <span word="pieces">pieces</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="kit">kit</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="aslarge">aslarge</span> <span word="telescopes">telescopes</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="sponsorship">sponsorship</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="expeditions">expeditions</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="far">far</span>-<span word="off">off</span> <span word="places">places</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="forcenturies">forcenturies</span>. 科技慈善资助已有几个世纪的历史，资助形式多为捐赠大型光学望远镜之类的昂贵仪器，或者是为偏远地区的探险提供赞助。 <span word="But">But</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="internet">internet</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="permits">permits</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="microphilanthropy">microphilanthropy</span>. 不过在网络的帮助下，如今微慈善也成为可能。 <span word="Through">Through</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="technique">technique</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="crowdfunding">crowdfunding</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="donate">donate</span> <span word="smallsums">smallsums</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="projects">projects</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="possibility">possibility</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="scientific">scientific</span> <span word="philanthropy">philanthropy</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="beenextended">beenextended</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="slender">slender</span> <span word="means">means</span>. 基于一种名为众基金的技术，公众可以给他们看重的项目捐赠小额资金，科技慈善事业已扩大到微薄资金来源。 <span word="On">On</span> <span word="October">October</span> 4<span word="th">th</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="Ethan">Ethan</span> <span word="Perlstein">Perlstein</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pharmacologist">pharmacologist</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Princeton">Princeton</span> <span word="University">University</span>,<span word="launched">launched</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bid">bid</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="site">site</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="RocketHub">RocketHub</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="collect">collect</span> 25,000 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="drugs">drugs</span> <span word="suchas">suchas</span> <span word="methamphetamine">methamphetamine</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span>. 例如，普林斯顿大学的药理学家伊桑?浦斯汀，10月4日就在一家名为火箭中心的网站公开招标，募集25000美元的资金用于研究甲基苯丙胺等药物对大脑疾病的疗效， <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="November">November</span> 18<span word="th">th</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="raise">raise</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="money">money</span>. 招标将截止于11月8日。 <span word="Kristina">Kristina</span> <span word="Killgrove">Killgrove</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="anthropologist">anthropologist</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="West">West</span> <span word="Florida">Florida</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="already">already</span> <span word="raisedover">raisedover</span> 12,000 <span word="on">on</span> <span word="RocketHub">RocketHub</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="examine">examine</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Roman">Roman</span> <span word="skeletons">skeletons</span>. 克里斯蒂娜科尔戈薇是西佛罗里达大学的一名人类学家，她就通过火箭中心网站募集了12000美元用于自己对罗马骸骨的<span word="DNA">DNA</span>检验。 <span word="And">And</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="crowdfunding">crowdfunding</span> <span word="site">site</span>, <span word="Petridish">Petridish</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="California">California</span> <span word="Academy">Academy</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Sciences">Sciences</span> <span word="offered">offered</span> <span word="toname">toname</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="species">species</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ant">ant</span> <span word="discovered">discovered</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="conservation">conservation</span> <span word="project">project</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Madagascar">Madagascar</span> <span word="afterthose">afterthose</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="donate">donate</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 5,000 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="enterprise">enterprise</span>. 培养皿网是另一个融资网站，加州科学院就因为通过该网站获得了5000多美元的项目基金，他们完成了为马达加斯加保护项目中发现的蚂蚁新物种命名的工作。 <span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="crowdfunding">crowdfunding</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="raising">raising</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sorts">sorts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sums">sums</span> <span word="sometimes">sometimes</span> <span word="attracted">attracted</span> <span word="bythose">bythose</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="video">video</span> <span word="games">games</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="already">already</span> <span word="spawned">spawned</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="couple">couple</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="specialisedplatforms">specialisedplatforms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="own">own</span>. 尽管科技融资不再是只有类似电子游戏的项目才能拿得到资金，但融资过程还是形成了自己的专业平台。 <span word="Petridish">Petridish</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="one">one</span>. 培养皿网就是一例。 <span word="Another">Another</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="Microryza">Microryza</span>. <span word="Microyza">Microyza</span>也是一个代表网站。 <span word="And">And</span> <span word="academic">academic</span> <span word="institutions">institutions</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="starting">starting</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="follow">follow</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lead">lead</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="CAS">CAS</span>. 学术机构都开始模仿加州科学院，募集资金。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="California">California</span>, <span word="San">San</span> <span word="Francisco">Francisco</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="site">site</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="Indiegogo">Indiegogo</span> <span word="thatwill">thatwill</span> <span word="allow">allow</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="university">university</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="charitable">charitable</span> <span word="status">status</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="donated">donated</span> <span word="via">via</span> <span word="Indiegogo">Indiegogo</span> <span word="taxdeductible">taxdeductible</span>. 加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校与<span word="Indiegogo">Indiegogo</span>网站达成协议，提高了他们的会员慈善等级，可以使经网站募集的资金免税。 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="launch">launch</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="project">project</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="month">month</span>. 这个月晚些时候将启动他们的第一个项目。 <span word="Donors">Donors</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="expect">expect</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="revenue">revenue</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="crowdfunded">crowdfunded</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="project">project</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="successful">successful</span>, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="course">course</span>. 捐赠人肯定没想着融资的科学项目成功后他们会获得任何收入。 <span word="But">But</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="expect">expect</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="kept">kept</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="date">date</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="progress">progress</span>. 但他们可以获悉实验的进度。 <span word="Dr">Dr</span> <span word="Perlstein">Perlstein</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="promised">promised</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="upload">upload</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="experiments">experiments</span> <span word="onto">onto</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="website">website</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="hissponsors">hissponsors</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="at">at</span>. 浦斯汀博士就承诺会把实验中的所有数据上传到网站，供捐赠人查阅。 <span word="And">And</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="immortalised">immortalised</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="myrmicine">myrmicine</span> <span word="literature">literature</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="CAS">CAS</span> <span word="proposed">proposed</span>,<span word="may">may</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="warm">warm</span> <span word="glow">glow</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="feeling">feeling</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="contribution">contribution</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="theadvancement">theadvancement</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="previously">previously</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="philanthropists">philanthropists</span> <span word="withrather">withrather</span> <span word="fatter">fatter</span> <span word="wallets">wallets</span>. 在加州科学院的项目里，即使这些捐赠人不会因切叶蚁属文献而流芳千古，但能让他们看到自己为知识进步做出了贡献感到欣慰，因为之前，这种方式只属于那些钱包更鼓的捐赠人。 词语解释 1.<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="of">of</span> 以某种形式 <span word="Liverpool">Liverpool</span> <span word="invented">invented</span> <span word="financial">financial</span> <span word="derivatives">derivatives</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="formof">formof</span> <span word="cotton">cotton</span> <span word="futures">futures</span>. 利物浦以棉花期货的形式，发明了金融衍生品。 <span word="Financial">Financial</span> <span word="arrangements">arrangements</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="ofads">ofads</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="free">free</span> <span word="trips">trips</span>. 金钱上的回报也可以通过做广告和免费旅行的形式来安排。 2.<span word="extend">extend</span> <span word="to">to</span> 延伸至 <span word="Does">Does</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="service">service</span> <span word="extend">extend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="europe">europe</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="asia">asia</span>? 你们的服务扩展到欧洲和亚洲了吗? <span word="Applications">Applications</span> <span word="extend">extend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="animal">animal</span> <span word="kingdom">kingdom</span>. 这种无线应用还延伸到了各种动物身上。 3.<span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> 例如;譬如;诸如 <span word="What">What</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="steps">steps</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="euro">euro</span> <span word="bonds">bonds</span>? 诸如欧元联盟之类的未来计划怎样? <span word="Imaginary">Imaginary</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="hiding">hiding</span> <span word="real">real</span> <span word="ones">ones</span>. 像这样的臆想的问题通常隐藏真实性的。 4.<span word="offer">offer</span> <span word="to">to</span> 提供 <span word="Another">Another</span> <span word="significant">significant</span> <span word="gap">gap</span> <span word="exists">exists</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="mobile">mobile</span> <span word="access">access</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="e">e</span>-<span word="resources">resources</span> <span word="presently">presently</span> <span word="offered">offered</span> <span word="bylibraries">bylibraries</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="services">services</span> <span word="libraries">libraries</span> <span word="wish">wish</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="offer">offer</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="mobile">mobile</span> <span word="users">users</span>. 另一个显著的断层是现有的移动设备接入电子资源与图书馆希望向移动读者提供的服务之间的差别。 <span word="Matt">Matt</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="feel">feel</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="emotional">emotional</span> <span word="pain">pain</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="overcome">overcome</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="suspicions">suspicions</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="accept">accept</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="offer">offer</span> <span word="tomeet">tomeet</span> <span word="again">again</span>. 马特在情感上没有感到足够的痛苦，不足以打消他的疑虑，接受下次再来的提议。</p>
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