meili 发表于 2022-10-18 19:40:55

年龄与智慧

<p>  2015复习正是强化复习阶段,在考研英语中占了40分,所以考研英语阅读是英语科目中重要的一项。名师老师曾建议过考研生需要坚持每天泛读10-15分钟的英文原刊。强烈推荐了杂志《经济学人》.杂志中的文章也是考研英语的主要材料来源.希望考研考生认真阅读,快速提高考研英语阅读水平。  <span word="Age">Age</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span>  年龄与智慧  <span word="Older">Older</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="wiser">wiser</span>?  姜是老的辣?  <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="wiser">wiser</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="age">age</span>. <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="wisefrom">wisefrom</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="start">start</span>  美国人年龄越大越聪明。日本人从小就聪明  <span word="ONE">ONE</span> <span word="stereotype">stereotype</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wizened">wizened</span> <span word="Zen">Zen</span>-<span word="master">master</span> <span word="smiling">smiling</span> <span word="benevolently">benevolently</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="antics">antics</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="hispupils">hispupils</span>, <span word="while">while</span> <span word="referring">referring</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="grasshoppers">grasshoppers</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="affectation">affectation</span>, <span word="safe">safe</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="theknowledge">theknowledge</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="they">they</span>, <span word="too">too</span>, <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="path">path</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="leads">leads</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="wizenedmasterhood">wizenedmasterhood</span>.  提到智慧的时候,人们脑海里总会出现这样一个老套的画面:一个削瘦的禅宗大师面容慈祥的对他的弟子微笑着,一边叫他们小不点,心中十分确定他们迟早会走上这条通往智慧的禅宗之道。  <span word="But">But</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="brings">brings</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span>?  但是智慧真的与年龄有关吗?  <span word="A">A</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="America">America</span>, <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Igor">Igor</span> <span word="Grossmann">Grossmann</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Waterloo">Waterloo</span>, <span word="inCanada">inCanada</span>, <span word="suggested">suggested</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span>.  两年前,加拿大滑铁卢大学<span word="Igor">Igor</span> <span word="Grossmann">Grossmann</span>博士的研究显示情况的确如此。  <span word="In">In</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="quantify">quantify</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span>, <span word="Dr">Dr</span> <span word="Grossmann">Grossmann</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="elderly">elderly</span> <span word="Americanshad">Americanshad</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="youngsters">youngsters</span>.  由于智慧可以标准量化,他发现年长的美国人的确比年轻人要聪明。  <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="now">now</span> <span word="extended">extended</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="investigation">investigation</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Asiathe">Asiathe</span> <span word="land">land</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wizenedZen">wizenedZen</span>-<span word="masterand">masterand</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="particular">particular</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Japan">Japan</span>.  但是,如今他将调查扩展至整个亚洲这个拥有禅宗大师的神奇土地特别是日本。  <span word="There">There</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="found">found</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="contrast">contrast</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="West">West</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="grasshoppers">grasshoppers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="masters">masters</span> <span word="equalsalmost">equalsalmost</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="beginning">beginning</span>.  在那里他发现,与西方相比,几乎从一开始,这些弟子与大师在智力方面难分伯仲 。  <span word="Dr">Dr</span> <span word="Grossmann">Grossmann</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="study">study</span>, <span word="just">just</span> <span word="published">published</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Psychological">Psychological</span> <span word="Science">Science</span>, <span word="recruited">recruited</span> 186 <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> <span word="fromvarious">fromvarious</span> <span word="walks">walks</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="with">with</span> 225 <span word="Americans">Americans</span>.  <span word="Grossmann">Grossmann</span>博士研究结果刚发表在《心理科学》。他招募了186个来自各行各业的日本人并且与225个美国人做对比研究。  <span word="Participants">Participants</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="series">series</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="pretend">pretend</span> <span word="newspaper">newspaper</span> <span word="articles">articles</span>.  他要求参与者阅读一些假装在报纸上发表的文章。  <span word="Half">Half</span> <span word="described">described</span> <span word="conflict">conflict</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="groups">groups</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="debate">debate</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="residents">residents</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="animpoverished">animpoverished</span> <span word="Pacific">Pacific</span> <span word="island">island</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="allow">allow</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="oil">oil</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="operate">operate</span> <span word="therefollowing">therefollowing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="discovery">discovery</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="petroleum">petroleum</span>.  其中一半描述了一些团体斗争,比如太平洋小岛上当地居民关于是否允许外国石油公司开发刚发现的石油资源。  <span word="The">The</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="advice">advice</span> <span word="columns">columns</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="dealt">dealt</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="conflicts">conflicts</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="individuals">individuals</span>:<span word="siblings">siblings</span>, <span word="friends">friends</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="spouses">spouses</span>.  另一半文章以专栏的方式提供兄弟姐妹、朋友、配偶之间的个人斗争解决建议。  <span word="After">After</span> <span word="reading">reading</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="article">article</span>, <span word="participants">participants</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="happen">happen</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="that">that</span>?<span word="and">and</span> <span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="happen">happen</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="way">way</span>? <span word="Their">Their</span> <span word="responses">responses</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="recorded">recorded</span> <span word="andtranscribed">andtranscribed</span>.  在阅读完文章之后,研究人员会问参与者两个问题,分别是此事发生后,你认为事态将会如何发展??和为什么你认为事态会这样发展?然后研究人员会记录他们的答案。  <span word="Dr">Dr</span> <span word="Grossmann">Grossmann</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="colleagues">colleagues</span> <span word="removed">removed</span> <span word="age">age</span>-<span word="related">related</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="transcripts">transcripts</span>, <span word="andalso">andalso</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="clues">clues</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="participants">participants</span> <span word="nationalities">nationalities</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="edited">edited</span> <span word="versions">versions</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="ofassessors">ofassessors</span>.  <span word="Grossmann">Grossmann</span>博士和同事们会在记录中剔除与他们年龄和国籍相关的信息,然后将处理过的记录版本交给经过培训的一组评委,他们都对答案的有一致的评分标准。  <span word="These">These</span> <span word="assessors">assessors</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="trained">trained</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="transcribed">transcribed</span> <span word="responses">responses</span> <span word="consistently">consistently</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="beentested">beentested</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="ratings">ratings</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="statistically">statistically</span> <span word="comparable">comparable</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="another">another</span>.  这些评估成员经过训练,能够始终以相同标准对纸上答案进行评分;并且已通过测试表明其评出的分数在统计方面相互具有可比性。  <span word="The">The</span> <span word="assessors">assessors</span> <span word="scored">scored</span> <span word="participants">participants</span> <span word="responses">responses</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="scale">scale</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="three">three</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="attempted">attempted</span> <span word="tocapture">tocapture</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="discussed">discussed</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="psychologists">psychologists</span> <span word="consider">consider</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="crucial">crucial</span> <span word="aspectsof">aspectsof</span> <span word="wise">wise</span> <span word="reasoning">reasoning</span>: <span word="willingness">willingness</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="seek">seek</span> <span word="opportunities">opportunities</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="resolve">resolve</span> <span word="conflict">conflict</span>; <span word="willingness">willingness</span> <span word="tosearch">tosearch</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="compromise">compromise</span>; <span word="recognition">recognition</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="limits">limits</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="personal">personal</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span>; <span word="awareness">awareness</span> <span word="thatmore">thatmore</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="perspective">perspective</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="exist">exist</span>; <span word="and">and</span> <span word="appreciation">appreciation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="thingsmay">thingsmay</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="worse">worse</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="better">better</span>.  评委将参与者的答案按1至3分进行评分。他们想通过这种方法把握心理学家认为的五个有关于智慧方面的重要程度,分别是:寻求解决争端机会的意愿;寻求折中方法的意愿;对个人知识有限的认识度;对问题存在多个方面的意识程度;和对事情在往好的方向发展前的趋坏倾向的估计程度。  <span word="A">A</span> <span word="score">score</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="aspect">aspect</span> <span word="indicated">indicated</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="participant">participant</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="consideration">consideration</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="it">it</span>.  1分代表参与者根本就没有考虑过,  <span word="A">A</span> <span word="score">score</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="indicated">indicated</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="consideration">consideration</span>.  2分代表参与者有了些思考但并不深入,  <span word="A">A</span> <span word="score">score</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="indicated">indicated</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="consideration">consideration</span>.  3分代表参与者对这些问题有深入的思考。  <span word="Each">Each</span> <span word="participant">participant</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="scores">scores</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="added">added</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="mathematically">mathematically</span> <span word="transformed">transformed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="anoverall">anoverall</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="range">range</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="zero">zero</span> <span word="to">to</span> 100 <span word="for">for</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="interpersonal">interpersonal</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="intergroup">intergroup</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span>.  将参与者的每个问题的得分相加,再把总分从人际关系及团体关系两方面分别转换为百分制。  <span word="The">The</span> <span word="upshot">upshot</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Dr">Dr</span> <span word="Grossmann">Grossmann</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="before">before</span>, <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="wiser">wiser</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="age">age</span>.  与<span word="Grossmann">Grossmann</span>博士以前的结果一样,美国人随着年龄的增长智慧增加。  <span word="Their">Their</span> <span word="intergroup">intergroup</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span> <span word="score">score</span> <span word="averaged">averaged</span> 45 <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="of">of</span> 25 <span word="and">and</span> 55 <span word="at">at</span> 75.  25岁的美国人社会群体的判断力平均数是45而75岁的美国人平均数是55。  <span word="Their">Their</span> <span word="interpersonal">interpersonal</span> <span word="score">score</span> <span word="similarly">similarly</span> <span word="climbed">climbed</span> <span word="from">from</span> 46 <span word="to">to</span> 50.  他们人际关系的判断力平均数同样随年龄由46攀升至50。  <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> <span word="scores">scores</span>, <span word="by">by</span> <span word="contrast">contrast</span>, <span word="hardly">hardly</span> <span word="varied">varied</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="age">age</span>.  但是与美国人的结果相反,日本人的分数与年龄并无太大关系。  <span word="Both">Both</span> 25-<span word="year">year</span>-<span word="olds">olds</span> <span word="and">and</span> 75-<span word="year">year</span>-<span word="olds">olds</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="intergroup">intergroup</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span> <span word="of">of</span> 51.  25岁和75岁的人的社会群体的判断力平均数都是51;  <span word="For">For</span> <span word="interpersonal">interpersonal</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> 53 <span word="and">and</span> 52.  对于人际关系判断力反而是25岁的是53,75岁的人是52.  <span word="Taken">Taken</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="face">face</span> <span word="value">value</span>, <span word="these">these</span> <span word="results">results</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span> <span word="faster">faster</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span>.  这些结果显示日本人比美国人更早变聪明一些。  <span word="One">One</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="then">then</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wizened">wizened</span> <span word="Zen">Zen</span>-<span word="masters">masters</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="paradox">paradox</span>.  年轻人以一分的优势险胜那些削瘦的禅宗大师们。但是却有一个悖论:  <span word="Generally">Generally</span>, <span word="America">America</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="individualistic">individualistic</span> <span word="society">society</span>, <span word="whereas">whereas</span> <span word="Japan">Japan</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="collectivist">collectivist</span>.  通常说来美国被视为是一个充满了个人主义的社会,然而日本则更推崇集体主义。  <span word="Yet">Yet</span> <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="scores">scores</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sort">sort</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="interpersonal">interpersonal</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span> <span word="youmight">youmight</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="useful">useful</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="individualistic">individualistic</span> <span word="society">society</span>.  但是日本人在人际关系能力这一项上的得分却比美国人要高,而人际关系判断力是大多数人认为在个人主义社会中十分受用的能力。  <span word="Americans">Americans</span>, <span word="by">by</span> <span word="contrastat">contrastat</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="maturity">maturity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="agehave">agehave</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="intergroup">intergroup</span> <span word="wisdomthan">wisdomthan</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="purportedly">purportedly</span> <span word="collectivist">collectivist</span> <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span>.  相反,美国人至少在年龄比较高的那一组中在群体判断力的得分上比据称崇尚集体主义的日本人要高。  <span word="Perhaps">Perhaps</span>, <span word="then">then</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="skills">skills</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="collective">collective</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="ones">ones</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="itis">itis</span> <span word="individualistic">individualistic</span>.  也许,当社会推崇集体主义的时候你也需要人际关系技巧,在推崇个人主义的社会里你同样需要社交技巧。  <span word="All">All</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="goes">goes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="real">real</span> <span word="root">root</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="this">this</span>: <span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="assume">assume</span>, <span word="littlegrasshopper">littlegrasshopper</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="prejudices">prejudices</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="correct">correct</span>.  所有的这一切都表明,智慧的真正根源是:别事先假定你的成见是正确的,也别轻看了那些小不点。  词语解释  1.<span word="refer">refer</span> <span word="to">to</span> 涉及;指的是  <span word="Symbols">Symbols</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="signs">signs</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="refer">refer</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="object">object</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="aconvention">aconvention</span>.  标志是一种人们习惯性指代某种事物的符号。  <span word="Slowschools">Slowschools</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="slow">slow</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="refer">refer</span> <span word="todifferent">todifferent</span> <span word="aspects">aspects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="education">education</span>.  慢速学校和慢速教育可以指教育的不同方面。  2.<span word="set">set</span> <span word="on">on</span> 开始,着手;唆使  <span word="In">In</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="india">india</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="promising">promising</span> <span word="path">path</span>.  在许多方面印度似乎都在走向一条康庄大道。  <span word="But">But</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="nations">nations</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="emerging">emerging</span>, <span word="set">set</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="sharing">sharing</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="prestige">prestige</span>.  不过,另外一些国家正在崛起,它们定将分享影响与威信。  3.<span word="in">in</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> 尤其, 特别  <span word="Progress">Progress</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="needed">needed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="particular">particular</span>.  尤其需要在三个方面取得进展。  <span word="Unemployment">Unemployment</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="risen">risen</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="seemed">seemed</span> <span word="likely">likely</span>.  特别是失业率的增速似乎可能有所放缓。  4.<span word="in">in</span> <span word="contrast">contrast</span> <span word="to">to</span> 相比之下  <span word="Overall">Overall</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="non">non</span>-<span word="manufacturing">manufacturing</span> <span word="sector">sector</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="fine">fine</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="contrast">contrast</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="themanufacturing">themanufacturing</span> <span word="sector">sector</span>.  我们认为,相比制造业,中国非制造业的整体情况还是不错的。  <span word="The">The</span> <span word="institute">institute</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="stands">stands</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="contrast">contrast</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scruffy">scruffy</span> <span word="university">university</span>.  这所学院本身就与破旧的大学形成鲜明的对比。</p>
页: [1]
查看完整版本: 年龄与智慧