啤酒的饮用
<p> 2015复习正是强化复习阶段，在考研英语中占了40分，所以考研英语阅读是英语科目中重要的一项。名师老师曾建议过考研生需要坚持每天泛读10-15分钟的英文原刊。强烈推荐了杂志《经济学人》.杂志中的文章也是考研英语的主要材料来源.希望考研考生认真阅读，快速提高考研英语阅读水平。 <span word="Beer">Beer</span> <span word="drinking">drinking</span> 啤酒的饮用 <span word="Shape">Shape</span> <span word="up">up</span>! 形状改变一切! <span word="What">What</span> <span word="sort">sort</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="drink">drink</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="predicts">predicts</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="fastyou">fastyou</span> <span word="drink">drink</span> 喝酒有多快?看杯子就知道 <span word="WOULD">WOULD</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="straight">straight</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="jug">jug</span>, <span word="sir">sir</span>? <span word="was">was</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="response">response</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Britishpubgoers">Britishpubgoers</span> <span word="request">request</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pint">pint</span>. 在过去，泡吧的英国佬如果要来杯一品脱的啤酒，通常都要回答这样一个问题，先生，你要哪一种杯子乘啤酒，净饮杯还是扎啤杯? <span word="Like">Like</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Lilliputians">Lilliputians</span> <span word="inGulliver">inGulliver</span> <span word="sTravels">sTravels</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="argued">argued</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="boiled">boiled</span> <span word="egg">egg</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="opened">opened</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pointed">pointed</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="roundedend">roundedend</span>, <span word="beer">beer</span> <span word="drinkers">drinkers</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="adamant">adamant</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="preferred">preferred</span> <span word="shape">shape</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="theirtipple">theirtipple</span> <span word="taste">taste</span> <span word="best">best</span>. 正如《格列佛游记》中小人国里的人对于吃鸡蛋应该先从哪端打破而争论不休一样，喝啤酒的人同样固执的认为，只有用他们喜欢的杯型喝酒，味道才带劲。 <span word="Straight">Straight</span>-<span word="sided">sided</span> <span word="glassessometimes">glassessometimes</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bulge">bulge</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="below">below</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="liphave">liphave</span> <span word="largely">largely</span> <span word="won">won</span> <span word="theday">theday</span>. 净饮杯在今天广受欢迎，这种杯子的杯口有时会凸出稍低的一小块来。 <span word="Jugssquat">Jugssquat</span> <span word="cylinders">cylinders</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="dimpled">dimpled</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="equipped">equipped</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="handlesare">handlesare</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="rare">rare</span>. 而扎啤杯，圆柱形的杯身短浅，且外围被修饰成一个个小酒窝，还带有把手，但这种杯子在今天已经很少见了。 <span word="But">But</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="straight">straight</span> <span word="glasses">glasses</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="easier">easier</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="bar">bar</span> <span word="staff">staff</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="collect">collect</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="stack">stack</span>,<span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="straight">straight</span>-<span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="lovers">lovers</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="persuaded">persuaded</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="fellow">fellow</span>-<span word="drinkers">drinkers</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="virtueof">virtueof</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="view">view</span>. 这可能是因为，对于酒保来说，净饮杯更容易堆积和摆放，而不是因为净饮杯爱好者证明了他们观点的正确，以让酒友们信以为真。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="shape">shape</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="beer">beer</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="does">does</span>, <span word="nevertheless">nevertheless</span>, <span word="matter">matter</span>. 尽管如此，啤酒杯的外形的确很重要。 <span word="For">For</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Bristol">Bristol</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="regulate">regulate</span> <span word="howquickly">howquickly</span> <span word="someone">someone</span> <span word="drinks">drinks</span>. 布里斯托尔大学的一组研究者已经证实，酒杯的形状能够决定人喝酒的快慢。 <span word="Angela">Angela</span> <span word="Attwood">Attwood</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="colleagues">colleagues</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> 160 <span word="undergraduates">undergraduates</span>80 <span word="women">women</span> <span word="and">and</span> 80 <span word="mento">mento</span> <span word="doone">doone</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="things">things</span>: <span word="drink">drink</span> <span word="beer">beer</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="straight">straight</span> <span word="glass">glass</span>; <span word="drink">drink</span> <span word="beer">beer</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="flute">flute</span>; <span word="or">or</span> <span word="drinklemonade">drinklemonade</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="sorts">sorts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="glass">glass</span>. 安吉拉阿特伍德和她的同事们曾要求160名大学生男女各80人，从四件事中选择一件来做，它们分别是：用净饮杯喝啤酒，用笛型杯喝啤酒;或者选用这两种杯子之一盛柠檬汁喝。 <span word="To">To</span> <span word="complicate">complicate</span> <span word="matters">matters</span> <span word="further">further</span>, <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="glasses">glasses</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="full">full</span> <span word="whereas">whereas</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="half">half</span>-<span word="full">full</span>. 为了让事情变得更加复杂，其中的一些杯子是满的，而另一些只盛有一半饮品。 <span word="Though">Though</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="practice">practice</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="sort">sort</span>, <span word="participants">participants</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="misled">misled</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="truenature">truenature</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="films">films</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="test">test</span> <span word="afterwards">afterwards</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="support">support</span> <span word="thismisdirection">thismisdirection</span>, <span word="what">what</span> <span word="Dr">Dr</span> <span word="Attwood">Attwood</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="interested">interested</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="quickly">quickly</span> <span word="thevarious">thevarious</span> <span word="drinks">drinks</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span>. 虽然和做这类研究所惯用的手法一样，实验过程掩盖了本质，对参与者进行了误导，之后他们被带去看电影，做语言测试;而进行这种误导是因为，阿特伍德教授和她的团队真正感兴趣的是不同杯子里的饮品被喝光的速度。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="full">full</span> <span word="straight">straight</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="beer">beer</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="polished">polished</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="in">in</span> 11 <span word="minutes">minutes</span>, <span word="onaverage">onaverage</span>. 实验得出的答案是：满满一杯用净饮杯乘的啤酒，平均11分钟就被喝完了。 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="full">full</span> <span word="flute">flute</span>, <span word="by">by</span> <span word="contrast">contrast</span>, <span word="was">was</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hatch">hatch</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="seven">seven</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="ittook">ittook</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="drink">drink</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="full">full</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="lemonade">lemonade</span>, <span word="regardless">regardless</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="type">type</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="vessel">vessel</span>. 相比之下，用笛型杯盛满的一杯酒，7分钟就见底了。而不管用哪种杯子，同样7分钟，一满杯子的柠檬汁就会能被喝光。 <span word="If">If</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="started">started</span> <span word="half">half</span>-<span word="full">full</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="neither">neither</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="shape">shape</span> <span word="nor">nor</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="contents">contents</span> <span word="mattered">mattered</span>. 然而，如果一个杯子开始只倒满了一半，不管杯型如何，装的是什么饮品， <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="minutes">minutes</span>. 喝完它平均只要5分钟。 <span word="Dr">Dr</span> <span word="Attwood">Attwood</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="hypothesis">hypothesis</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="beer">beer</span> <span word="drinker">drinker</span>, <span word="wishing">wishing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pace">pace</span> <span word="himself">himself</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="evening">evening</span>,<span word="is">is</span> <span word="monitoring">monitoring</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="volume">volume</span> <span word="remaining">remaining</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="glass">glass</span>, <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="reference">reference</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="halfwaymark">halfwaymark</span>. 阿特伍德博士提出的假设是：一位喝啤酒的人，想要一晚上自始自终控制自己喝多少酒的话，就会时刻关注杯子里剩余的酒量，可能他就是以杯子的中间点作为基准的。 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="curved">curved</span>-<span word="sided">sided</span> <span word="glass">glass</span>, <span word="though">though</span>, <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="exercising">exercising</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="judgment">judgment</span> <span word="hardas">hardas</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="demonstratedby">demonstratedby</span> <span word="calling">calling</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="volunteers">volunteers</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="asking">asking</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="estimate">estimate</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="pictures">pictures</span> <span word="howfull">howfull</span> <span word="various">various</span> <span word="glasses">glasses</span> <span word="were">were</span>. 然而一个杯身倾斜的杯子，就让这种判断变得困难起来正如阿特伍德所证明的那样，让参与她实验的志愿者在一个星期后回来，并且让他们仅凭图片来估计各种杯子倒满是个什么情况。 <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="volunteers">volunteers</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="halfway">halfway</span> <span word="mark">mark</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="flute">flute</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="value">value</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="avolunteer">avolunteer</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="originally">originally</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="misestimation">misestimation</span> <span word="correlated">correlated</span> <span word="withhow">withhow</span> <span word="fast">fast</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span>. 大多数志愿者认为在笛型杯中，杯子所显示的中点要比它真实的中点要低，而如果一位志愿者一开始就用这种杯子喝酒，他对酒量的误判和他喝酒的速度将会一一对应。 <span word="If">If</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="half">half</span>-<span word="full">full</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="with">with</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="this">this</span> <span word="reference">reference</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="beginning">beginning</span>. 但是如果一开始杯子只倒满了一半的话，这一参照点从最初就失去了意义。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="upshot">upshot</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Dr">Dr</span> <span word="Attwood">Attwood</span> <span word="reports">reports</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Public">Public</span> <span word="Library">Library</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Science">Science</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="straight">straight</span> <span word="glasseshave">glasseshave</span> <span word="it">it</span>. 正如艾特伍德在《公共科学图书馆》杂志中所做的报告一样，结果显示净饮杯可以证明这种假设。 <span word="Though">Though</span> <span word="beer">beer</span> <span word="flutes">flutes</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="British">British</span> <span word="pubs">pubs</span>, <span word="her">her</span> <span word="observation">observation</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shape">shape</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="aglass">aglass</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="fast">fast</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="bears">bears</span> <span word="investigation">investigation</span>. 虽然用笛型杯喝啤酒在英国的酒吧里并不常见，而从她的观察报告中可以看出，一个杯子的形状能够影响喝啤酒的速度。 <span word="Both">Both</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="campaigners">campaigners</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="breweries">breweries</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="interested">interested</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="results">results</span>, <span word="though">though</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="wouldprobably">wouldprobably</span> <span word="draw">draw</span> <span word="opposite">opposite</span> <span word="conclusions">conclusions</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span>-<span word="shaped">shaped</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="serve">serve</span> <span word="abevvy">abevvy</span>. 健康活动者和各啤酒厂都会对研究的结果感兴趣，不过关于用什么形状的杯子乘酒最好，两者可能会得出截然相反的结论。 词语解释 1.<span word="ask">ask</span> <span word="to">to</span> 邀请参加 <span word="Audiences">Audiences</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="ask">ask</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="previous">previous</span> <span word="screenagain">screenagain</span>. 听众经常会要求再看一遍上一张幻灯片。 <span word="Could">Could</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="ask">ask</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="paid">paid</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="assuming">assuming</span> <span word="illiquidityrisk">illiquidityrisk</span>? 他们能够因为预想中的非流动性风险而要求赔偿吗? 2.<span word="polish">polish</span> <span word="off">off</span> 干完;击倒;除掉 <span word="We">We</span> <span word="quickly">quickly</span> <span word="polish">polish</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="crab">crab</span>. 我们三下五去二就把蟹吃光了。 <span word="Of">Of</span> <span word="course">course</span>, <span word="mrs">mrs</span>. <span word="bapat">bapat</span>.<span word="right">right</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="polish">polish</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="food">food</span>! 当然可以,<span word="bapat">bapat</span>太太.我干掉这东西就马上照! 3.<span word="correlate">correlate</span> <span word="with">with</span> 符合于;接近于 <span word="What">What</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="features">features</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="correlate">correlate</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="abnormal">abnormal</span> <span word="amygdala">amygdala</span> <span word="growth">growth</span>? 可能与杏仁核病态生长有关的其他特征有什么? <span word="Miller">Miller</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="general">general</span> <span word="intelligence">intelligence</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="personality">personality</span> <span word="trait">trait</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="tonew">tonew</span> <span word="experiences">experiences</span> <span word="correlate">correlate</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="artistic">artistic</span> <span word="creativity">creativity</span>. 米勒的研究显示出，普通的智力和愿意接受新经验的性格特质，这两者均与艺术创造力有着相互的关联。 4.<span word="be">be</span> <span word="interested">interested</span> <span word="in">in</span> 对感兴趣;关心 <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="anybody">anybody</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="interested">interested</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="that">that</span>? 你知道每个人你们最感兴趣的就是这个? <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="european">european</span> <span word="e">e</span>-<span word="commerce">commerce</span> <span word="sites">sites</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="interested">interested</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="vancl">vancl</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="model">model</span>. 一些欧洲电子商务网站据称对凡客诚品的模式有兴趣。</p>
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