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meili 发表于 2022-10-18 19:40:52

经济战场

<p>　　2015复习正是强化复习阶段，在考研英语中占了40分，所以考研英语阅读是英语科目中重要的一项。名师老师曾建议过考研生需要坚持每天泛读10-15分钟的英文原刊。强烈推荐了杂志《经济学人》.杂志中的文章也是考研英语的主要材料来源.希望考研考生认真阅读，快速提高考研英语阅读水平。　　<span word="The">The</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="battleground">battleground</span>　　经济战场　　<span word="Gas">Gas</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="chocolate">chocolate</span>　　天然气和巧克力　　<span word="Supporting">Supporting</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="economy">economy</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="easy">easy</span> <span word="orcheap">orcheap</span>　　支持乌克兰的经济怕是既不容易也不廉价　　<span word="THE">THE</span> <span word="Ukrainian">Ukrainian</span> <span word="economy">economy</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mess">mess</span>.　　乌克兰的经济现在是一片混乱。　　<span word="Its">Its</span> <span word="currency">currency</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hryvnia">hryvnia</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> 20% <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="month">month</span>.　　过去的一个月，其货币格里夫纳已经贬值将近20%。　　<span word="Foreign">Foreign</span>-<span word="exchange">exchange</span> <span word="reserves">reserves</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="tumbled">tumbled</span> <span word="to">to</span> $15 <span word="billion">billion</span>, <span word="despite">despite</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="imposition">imposition</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="capitalcontrols">capitalcontrols</span>.　　尽管实行资本管制, 外汇储备还是已跌至150亿美元。　　<span word="Bank">Bank</span> <span word="deposits">deposits</span> <span word="fell">fell</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 3% <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="February">February</span> <span word="and">and</span>, <span word="since">since</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="revolution">revolution</span>,<span word="the">the</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="imposed">imposed</span> <span word="limits">limits</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="further">further</span> <span word="withdrawals">withdrawals</span>.　　二月上旬，银行存款下跌超过3%，自革命以来, 政府进一步限制提款。　　<span word="Tax">Tax</span> <span word="revenues">revenues</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="collapsed">collapsed</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="pension">pension</span> <span word="payments">payments</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="delayed">delayed</span>.　　税收收入已经崩溃, 养老金也被推迟。　　<span word="The">The</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="poor">poor</span>-<span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="shape">shape</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="this">this</span>: <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reasonswhy">reasonswhy</span> <span word="Viktor">Viktor</span> <span word="Yanukovych">Yanukovych</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="deposed">deposed</span> <span word="president">president</span>, <span word="chose">chose</span> $15 <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Russian">Russian</span> <span word="loans">loans</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dealwith">dealwith</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="European">European</span> <span word="Unionthe">Unionthe</span> <span word="decision">decision</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="led">led</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="downfall">downfall</span>.　　此前，乌克兰的经济就已经很是贫困:这也是被废黜的总统亚努科维奇选择了俄罗斯150亿美元的贷款而不是与欧洲联盟的原因之一，此决定导致了他的垮台。　　<span word="Having">Having</span> <span word="propped">propped</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Ukrainian">Ukrainian</span> <span word="economy">economy</span>, <span word="Russia">Russia</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="power">power</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="energyprovider">energyprovider</span>, <span word="trading">trading</span> <span word="partner">partner</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="creditor">creditor</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="cripple">cripple</span> <span word="it">it</span>.　　作为乌克兰的能源供应商, 贸易伙伴和债权人，俄罗斯支持过乌克兰的经济, 俄罗斯似乎也有能力削弱它。　　<span word="The">The</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="obvious">obvious</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="attack">attack</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="gas">gas</span>.　　最明显的经济攻击将是切断乌克兰的天然气。　　<span word="That">That</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="huge">huge</span> <span word="effects">effects</span> <span word="either">either</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="western">western</span> <span word="customers">customers</span> <span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="gas">gas</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="via">via</span> <span word="Ukraineor">Ukraineor</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Russian">Russian</span> <span word="gas">gas</span> <span word="earnings">earnings</span>.　　这需要不会对天然气运输途经乌克兰的西方客户或俄罗斯天然气收入产生较大影响。　　<span word="Other">Other</span> <span word="Russian">Russian</span> <span word="pipelines">pipelines</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="handle">handle</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gas">gas</span>.　　其他俄罗斯管道可以处理大部分的天然气。　　<span word="But">But</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="costly">costly</span> <span word="tactic">tactic</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Ukrainians">Ukrainians</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="vulnerableas">vulnerableas</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="seem">seem</span>.　　但这仍将是一个昂贵的策略, 乌克兰人也没有他们看起来那么脆弱。　　<span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="gas">gas</span>-<span word="storage">storage</span> <span word="facilities">facilities</span> <span word="conveniently">conveniently</span> <span word="situated">situated</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="west">west</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span>. <span word="Howmuch">Howmuch</span> <span word="gas">gas</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="stores">stores</span> <span word="contain">contain</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="unclear">unclear</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="ownership">ownership</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="murkybut">murkybut</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mildwinter">mildwinter</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="buffer">buffer</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="months">months</span>.　　该国西部地区，他们有大型油气储备设施。天然气存储到底有多少还不清楚, 其所有权也很模糊，冬季之后能支撑几个月来缓冲。　　<span word="Moreover">Moreover</span>, <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="import">import</span> <span word="gas">gas</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Slovakia">Slovakia</span>, <span word="reversing">reversing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="flow">flow</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="maineast">maineast</span>-<span word="west">west</span> <span word="pipeline">pipeline</span>.　　此外, 乌克兰还能从斯洛伐克进口天然气,扭转一条重要的东西方管道的流动。　　<span word="It">It</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="twice">twice</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="smaller">smaller</span> <span word="pipelines">pipelines</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="previous">previous</span> <span word="disputes">disputes</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Russia">Russia</span>.　　之前与俄罗斯发生过纠纷，他们两次就修建好了一些较小的管道。　　<span word="Trade">Trade</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="weapon">weapon</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="imposes">imposes</span> <span word="costs">costs</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="aggressor">aggressor</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="easier">easier</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="wieldwith">wieldwith</span> <span word="precision">precision</span>.　　贸易也是一种武器, 把成本强加于侵略者,更容易而且精确行使。　　<span word="A">A</span> <span word="quarter">quarter</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="exports">exports</span> <span word="head">head</span> <span word="east">east</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Vladimir">Vladimir</span> <span word="Putin">Putin</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="shy">shy</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="messing">messing</span> <span word="withthem">withthem</span>; <span word="Russian">Russian</span> <span word="restrictions">restrictions</span>, <span word="like">like</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="placed">placed</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Ukrainian">Ukrainian</span> <span word="chocolate">chocolate</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="year">year</span>, <span word="could">could</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="thecountry">thecountry</span> <span word="billions">billions</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="losses">losses</span> <span word="targeted">targeted</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="sectors">sectors</span>, <span word="even">even</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="oligarchs">oligarchs</span>.　　乌克兰四分之一的出口是往东方出口，弗拉基米尔普京并不羞于干扰;俄罗斯对其进行限制,去年曾搁置乌克兰出口的巧克力造成了上十亿的损失,损失针对特定的行业,甚至特定的寡头。　　<span word="This">This</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="Russia">Russia</span> <span word="banned">banned</span> <span word="pork">pork</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span>, <span word="saying">saying</span> <span word="political">political</span> <span word="instability">instability</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="underminedsafety">underminedsafety</span> <span word="inspections">inspections</span>.　　本周俄罗斯禁止从乌克兰进口猪肉，声称乌克兰的政治不稳定已经破坏了安全检查。　　<span word="Though">Though</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Putin">Putin</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="wants">wants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="strengthen">strengthen</span> <span word="trade">trade</span>, <span word="instability">instability</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="unlikely">unlikely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="shortsupply">shortsupply</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="coming">coming</span> <span word="months">months</span>.　　尽管普京先生表示, 他希望加强贸易，在未来的几个月不太可能出现供应不足。　　<span word="As">As</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="creditor">creditor</span>, <span word="Russia">Russia</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="room">room</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="mischievous">mischievous</span> <span word="manoeuvre">manoeuvre</span>.　　作为债权人,俄罗斯已经给自己恶意操纵的空间。　　<span word="The">The</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="bail">bail</span>-<span word="out">out</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Yanukovych">Yanukovych</span>, $3 <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="delivered">delivered</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="therevolution">therevolution</span>, <span word="was">was</span> <span word="structured">structured</span> <span word="gives">gives</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Putin">Putin</span> <span word="leverage">leverage</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="scupper">scupper</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="attempts">attempts</span> <span word="toreach">toreach</span> <span word="agreements">agreements</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="creditors">creditors</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="advance">advance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="forthcoming">forthcoming</span> <span word="payments">payments</span>.　　其对亚努科维奇的纾困,革命之前, 就已给了30亿美元，普京目的是破坏乌克兰与其他债权人事先达成协议。　　<span word="And">And</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="fine">fine</span> <span word="print">print</span> <span word="stipulates">stipulates</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="debt">debt</span>-<span word="to">to</span>-<span word="GDP">GDP</span> <span word="ratio">ratio</span> <span word="exceeds">exceeds</span> 60% <span word="it">it</span> <span word="wouldautomatically">wouldautomatically</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="default">default</span>.　　一些细则规定, 如果乌克兰的债务占国民生产总值的比率超过60%, 俄罗斯可以不履行协议。　　<span word="Russia">Russia</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="legal">legal</span> <span word="poison">poison</span> <span word="pills">pills</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="dealing">dealing</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="debts">debts</span> <span word="harder">harder</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="whenthey">whenthey</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="sure">sure</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="grow">grow</span>; <span word="without">without</span> <span word="loans">loans</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="West">West</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="run">run</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="money">money</span>.　　俄罗斯的法律毒丸可以让让乌克兰因此债务交易更加困难; 但没有从西方政府贷款，钱还是会用光。　　<span word="If">If</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="sensible">sensible</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="policies">policies</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="loans">loans</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="easily">easily</span> <span word="made">made</span>, <span word="since">since</span> <span word="thecountry">thecountry</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="debt">debt</span> <span word="burden">burden</span>, <span word="at">at</span> 47% <span word="of">of</span> <span word="GDP">GDP</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="excessive">excessive</span>.　　如果乌克兰有明智的经济政策, 这种贷款会很容易, 因为这个国家目前的债务负担占<span word="GDP">GDP</span>的47%, 并不过多。　　<span word="But">But</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="sensible">sensible</span> <span word="policies">policies</span>; <span word="it">it</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="profligate">profligate</span> <span word="ones">ones</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="theinvestors">theinvestors</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="support">support</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="profligacy">profligacy</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="offered">offered</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="interest">interest</span> <span word="rates">rates</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="astable">astable</span> <span word="currency">currency</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="nowhere">nowhere</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="seen">seen</span>.　　但乌克兰几乎从来没有明智的政策, 挥霍无度，曾经支持 挥霍的投资者们所支持乌克兰的高利率和稳定的货币政策现在也不可行了。　　<span word="Time">Time</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="IMF">IMF</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="ample">ample</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="balance">balance</span>-<span word="of">of</span>-<span word="payments">payments</span> <span word="crisis">crisis</span>.　　国际货币基金组织行动的时候了,它有足够的经验处理这种国际收支平衡危机。　　<span word="The">The</span> <span word="standard">standard</span> <span word="remedy">remedy</span> <span word="includes">includes</span> <span word="tough">tough</span> <span word="reformsin">reformsin</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="case">case</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="depreciation">depreciation</span>,<span word="slashed">slashed</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="subsidies">subsidies</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="budget">budget</span> <span word="cutsin">cutsin</span> <span word="return">return</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="funds">funds</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tide">tide</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="overuntil">overuntil</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="again">again</span> <span word="borrow">borrow</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="private">private</span> <span word="markets">markets</span>.　　规范的补救措施包括艰难的改革，对于乌克兰的这种情况, 需要一次货币大贬值, 削减能源补贴和大幅削减财政预算来换取资金,直到这个国家渡过难关, 直到能再一次实行私人市场。　　<span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="needs">needs</span> $3 <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="to">to</span> $4 <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="budgetary">budgetary</span> <span word="finance">finance</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Mayelection">Mayelection</span>.　　乌克兰可能需要30亿美元到40亿美元财政预算将持续到5月大选之后。　　<span word="A">A</span> <span word="larger">larger</span> <span word="loan">loan</span> <span word="of">of</span> $15 <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="allow">allow</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="meet">meet</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="external">external</span> <span word="financial">financial</span> <span word="obligations">obligations</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="thenext">thenext</span> <span word="year">year</span>.　　150亿美元更大的贷款, 将可能会让其完成外部金融义务。　　<span word="America">America</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="keen">keen</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="IMF">IMF</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="negotiate">negotiate</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="package">package</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="loans">loans</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="reforms">reforms</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="aspossible">aspossible</span>, <span word="arguing">arguing</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="transitional">transitional</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="needs">needs</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="support">support</span>, <span word="butalso">butalso</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="progress">progress</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="failed">failed</span>.　　美国希望国际货币基金组织协商尽快提供大的贷款和改革方案, 认为乌克兰的过渡政府不仅需要支持, 也可以在别人失败的地方取得进展。　　<span word="Alexander">Alexander</span> <span word="Turchinov">Turchinov</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="interim">interim</span> <span word="president">president</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="already">already</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="accept">accept</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="IMF">IMF</span> <span word="sterms">sterms</span>, <span word="including">including</span> <span word="draconian">draconian</span> <span word="spending">spending</span> <span word="cuts">cuts</span>.　　<span word="Alexander">Alexander</span> <span word="Turchinov">Turchinov</span>临时总统已经表示, 他将接受所有国际货币基金组织的条件, 包括严厉的削减开支。　　<span word="But">But</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="IMF">IMF</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="technocrats">technocrats</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="member">member</span> <span word="countries">countries</span>, <span word="dislike">dislike</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Americausing">Americausing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fund">fund</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="geopolitical">geopolitical</span> <span word="toolworries">toolworries</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bitter">bitter</span> <span word="edge">edge</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="sCongress">sCongress</span> <span word="recently">recently</span> <span word="refused">refused</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="approve">approve</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="expansion">expansion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fund">fund</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="coffers">coffers</span>.　　但国际货币基金组织的许多技术专家, 和它的成员国,不喜欢美国的想法，把基金作为地缘政治工具-担心最近美国国会拒绝批准扩大基金的资金是给定了一个痛苦的边缘。　　<span word="They">They</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="prefer">prefer</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="IMF">IMF</span> <span word="chip">chip</span> <span word="in">in</span> $1 <span word="billion">billion</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="strings">strings</span> <span word="attached">attached</span>, <span word="under">under</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="RapidFinancing">RapidFinancing</span> <span word="Instrument">Instrument</span>.　　货币基金采取快速的融资，给其10亿美元 并附加一些条件。　　<span word="Other">Other</span> <span word="short">short</span>-<span word="term">term</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="available">available</span>.　　他们更希望国际其他短期帮助也可以。　　<span word="On">On</span> <span word="March">March</span> 5<span word="th">th</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="EU">EU</span> <span word="offered">offered</span> 1.6 <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="short">short</span>-<span word="term">term</span> <span word="macroeconomic">macroeconomic</span> <span word="assistance">assistance</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="asa">asa</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="aid">aid</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="term">term</span>.　　3月5日欧盟提供16亿作为短期宏观经济援助, 以及大量的长期发展援助。　　<span word="Add">Add</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> $1 <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="loan">loan</span> <span word="guarantee">guarantee</span> <span word="announced">announced</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="John">John</span> <span word="Kerry">Kerry</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="canprobably">canprobably</span> <span word="stumble">stumble</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="May">May</span>, <span word="at">at</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="newly">newly</span> <span word="elected">elected</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="couldnegotiate">couldnegotiate</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span>-<span word="term">term</span> <span word="package">package</span>.　　约翰克里在本周宣布了10亿美元贷款担保，到5月乌克兰可能会踉跄前行 , 那时新当选的政府可以协商一个长期计划。　　<span word="The">The</span> <span word="politics">politics</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rescue">rescue</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="harder">harder</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="becomes">becomes</span> <span word="clear">clear</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="moneywill">moneywill</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="up">up</span>.　　我们很清楚，随着钱的用完，救援举措也会变得困难。　　<span word="Using">Using</span> <span word="Western">Western</span> <span word="taxpayer">taxpayer</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Putin">Putin</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hedge">hedge</span> <span word="funds">funds</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="boughthigh">boughthigh</span>-<span word="yielding">yielding</span> <span word="Ukrainian">Ukrainian</span> <span word="debt">debt</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="ugly">ugly</span> <span word="prospect">prospect</span>.　　用西方纳税人的钱来偿还普京或者高收益债券的对冲基金是一个丑陋的前景。　　<span word="So">So</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="renegotiate">renegotiate</span> <span word="terms">terms</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="bondholders">bondholders</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="MrPutin">MrPutin</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="leverage">leverage</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="play">play</span>.　　所以乌克兰可能尝试与债券持有人重新谈判合同条款, 普京也会利用杠杆作用做文章。　　<span word="But">But</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="reform">reform</span> <span word="plan">plan</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="solid">solid</span> <span word="Western">Western</span> <span word="support">support</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="yield">yield</span> <span word="dividends">dividends</span>.　　这也将是一个西方支持的改革计划，会产生红利。　　<span word="If">If</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="economy">economy</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="transformed">transformed</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="IMF">IMF</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="satisfied">satisfied</span>, <span word="Russianbloody">Russianbloody</span>-<span word="mindedness">mindedness</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="slow">slow</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="return">return</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="market">market</span>, <span word="even">even</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="forces">forces</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="formof">formof</span> <span word="default">default</span>.　　如果乌克兰的经济转变了, 国际货币基金组织对其满意, 需要俄罗斯不找茬阻碍乌克兰重返市场, 即便是它迫使违约。　　<span word="But">But</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="Ukraine">Ukraine</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="reform">reform</span> <span word="commitment">commitment</span> <span word="wobbles">wobbles</span>, <span word="Russia">Russia</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="room">room</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="trouble">trouble</span>.　　但如果乌克兰改革承诺一旦晃动, 俄罗斯会有机会制造更多的麻烦。　　词语解释　　1.<span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span> 与交易;应付　　<span word="Or">Or</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="challenge">challenge</span>?　　还是你会去处理这个挑战?　　<span word="How">How</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="makers">makers</span> <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="thisambiguity">thisambiguity</span>?　　决策者应该怎样应付这种模糊不明?　　2.<span word="lead">lead</span> <span word="to">to</span> 通向,导致　　<span word="Osteoporosis">Osteoporosis</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="lead">lead</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tooth">tooth</span> <span word="loss">loss</span>.　　骨质疏松可能会导致牙齿脱落。　　<span word="Salary">Salary</span> <span word="differences">differences</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="lead">lead</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="resentment">resentment</span>.　　不同国家间的薪酬差异会引起相互的敌视。　　3.<span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="off">off</span> 切除;切断　　<span word="All">All</span> <span word="bail">bail</span>-<span word="out">out</span> <span word="funds">funds</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="off">off</span>.　　所有的救济资金将被切断。　　<span word="He">He</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="supplied">supplied</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="north">north</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="america">america</span> <span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="aid">aid</span>.　　当美国切断了能源援助的时候，他还为朝鲜提供了能源。　　4.<span word="situate">situate</span> <span word="in">in</span> 位于　　<span word="I">I</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span>, <span word="why">why</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="myself">myself</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="situate">situate</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="position">position</span> <span word="now">now</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="what">what</span>?　　我常在想，为什么我要把自己搞得那么辛苦呢?到底为的是什么?　　<span word="We">We</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="situate">situate</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="history">history</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="art">art</span>, <span word="comparing">comparing</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="artworks">artworks</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="various">various</span> <span word="genres">genres</span>.　　我们会试图把它安置在艺术史中，拿它与各种流派的其他艺术品做比较。</p>

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