美国和南亚
<p> 2015复习正是强化复习阶段，在考研英语中占了40分，所以考研英语阅读是英语科目中重要的一项。名师老师曾建议过考研生需要坚持每天泛读10-15分钟的英文原刊。强烈推荐了杂志《经济学人》.杂志中的文章也是考研英语的主要材料来源.希望考研考生认真阅读，快速提高考研英语阅读水平。 <span word="America">America</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="South">South</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span> 美国和南亚 <span word="Infernal">Infernal</span> <span word="triangle">triangle</span> 坏到底的三角关系 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="history">history</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="tangled">tangled</span> <span word="dealings">dealings</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Indiaand">Indiaand</span> <span word="Pakistan">Pakistan</span> 美国应付印巴关系乱如麻的历史 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="friendly">friendly</span> <span word="wave">wave</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Sharif">Sharif</span> 谢里夫挥舞着手臂以示友好 <span word="Avoiding">Avoiding</span> <span word="Armageddon">Armageddon</span>: <span word="America">America</span>, <span word="India">India</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Pakistan">Pakistan</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Brink">Brink</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Back">Back</span>.<span word="By">By</span> <span word="Bruce">Bruce</span> <span word="Riedel">Riedel</span>. 书名：《逃离浩劫：美印巴三国又退到了悬崖边上》 <span word="THE">THE</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="election">election</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Pakistan">Pakistan</span> <span word="led">led</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Nawaz">Nawaz</span> <span word="Sharif">Sharif</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bodewell">bodewell</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="easing">easing</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="tensions">tensions</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="subcontinent">subcontinent</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Sharif">Sharif</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="office">office</span>, <span word="in">in</span> 1999,<span word="he">he</span> <span word="achieved">achieved</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="breakthrough">breakthrough</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="relations">relations</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="India">India</span>. <span word="That">That</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="was">was</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="followed">followed</span> <span word="bythe">bythe</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="wars">wars</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="fought">fought</span>. <span word="Undaunted">Undaunted</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="againthat">againthat</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="wants">wants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="friends">friends</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="India">India</span>. 目前由纳瓦兹谢里夫领导的巴基斯坦展开了新一轮政府大选，这次大选似乎很好地预示了南亚次大陆紧张局势有缓解的趋势。上一次担任总理一职还是在1999年，谢里夫当时在处理与印度关系上取得突破性进展;虽然成果很快就由印巴四次战争所取代。如今谢里夫毫不气馁的再一次表示要同印度做朋友。 <span word="Five">Five</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="Pakistani">Pakistani</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="over">over</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="promised">promised</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="newera">newera</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="relations">relations</span>. <span word="That">That</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="naught">naught</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="terrorist">terrorist</span> <span word="onslaught">onslaught</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Mumbai">Mumbai</span> <span word="wascarried">wascarried</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Pakistanis">Pakistanis</span> <span word="with">with</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="suggests">suggests</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Pakistan">Pakistan</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="spy">spy</span> <span word="service">service</span>. 五年前上一届巴基斯坦新政府刚刚掌权时，政府同样承诺开启印巴关系新纪元。随着孟买遭到恐怖分子的猛烈攻击，随着有关证据显示袭击是巴基斯坦情报机关提供帮助，巴国人策划实施，一切都化为泡影。 <span word="In">In</span> <span word="his">his</span> 2009 <span word="book">book</span>, <span word="Deadly">Deadly</span> <span word="Embrace">Embrace</span>, <span word="Bruce">Bruce</span> <span word="Riedel">Riedel</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="former">former</span> <span word="CIA">CIA</span> <span word="analyst">analyst</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="centre">centre</span> <span word="ofAmerican">ofAmerican</span> <span word="decision">decision</span>-<span word="making">making</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="South">South</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span>, <span word="told">told</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unhappy">unhappy</span> <span word="story">story</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="relationswith">relationswith</span> <span word="Pakistan">Pakistan</span>. <span word="From">From</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Pakistani">Pakistani</span> <span word="side">side</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tale">tale</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="repeated">repeated</span> <span word="betrayal">betrayal</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fickle">fickle</span> <span word="ally">ally</span>.<span word="For">For</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="constant">constant</span> <span word="double">double</span>-<span word="dealing">dealing</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="partner">partner</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="couldnot">couldnot</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="trusted">trusted</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="advance">advance</span> <span word="warning">warning</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="raid">raid</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="killed">killed</span> <span word="Osama">Osama</span> <span word="bin">bin</span> <span word="Laden">Laden</span> <span word="in">in</span> 2011. 布鲁斯里德尔之前一直在美国决策中心南亚分部任中央情报局分析员。2009年，里德尔出版《致命的拥抱》，书中讲述了关于美巴不尽如人意的关系。从巴国角度看，其实就是一个善变的盟友反复无常上演背叛的故事。从美国的角度看，则是一个伙伴不断的做一些背信弃义的事情;之后，2011年美国连刺杀本拉登的消息都没有提前向巴方通告。 <span word="Avoiding">Avoiding</span> <span word="Armageddon">Armageddon</span>, <span word="his">his</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="book">book</span>, <span word="adds">adds</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="sides">sides</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="triangle">triangle</span>: <span word="theIndia">theIndia</span>-<span word="Pakistan">Pakistan</span> <span word="saga">saga</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="wars">wars</span>, <span word="near">near</span>- <span word="wars">wars</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="uncertain">uncertain</span> <span word="peaces">peaces</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="scratchyrelations">scratchyrelations</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="India">India</span>. <span word="Of">Of</span> <span word="course">course</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="main">main</span> <span word="obstacle">obstacle</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="India">India</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="tieswith">tieswith</span> <span word="Pakistan">Pakistan</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="present">present</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="diplomacy">diplomacy</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="trickiest">trickiest</span> <span word="balancing">balancing</span> <span word="acts">acts</span>.<span word="Pakistan">Pakistan</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="remain">remain</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="ally">ally</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="troops">troops</span> <span word="pull">pull</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="largenumbers">largenumbers</span> <span word="before">before</span> 2015. <span word="Yet">Yet</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Riedel">Riedel</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="blunt">blunt</span> <span word="summary">summary</span>: <span word="America">America</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Pakistan">Pakistan</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="onopposite">onopposite</span> <span word="sides">sides</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Afghan">Afghan</span> <span word="civil">civil</span> <span word="war">war</span>. 里德尔的新书《逃离浩劫》将三角关系的另两边加了进来：印巴长期以来繁冗的战事、几次接近战争的边缘和不确定的和平;美印之间棘手的关系。诚然，印度眼里的沙子正是美巴之间密切的关系。这些恰恰展示了美国人技术含量颇高的外交平衡手段。2015年美军从阿富汗撤军之前，巴基斯坦人仍旧是美国重要的盟友。不过，里德尔毫不掩饰的指出：美巴双方之于阿富汗内战的态度是完全对立的。 <span word="America">America</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="invested">invested</span> <span word="heavily">heavily</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="building">building</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="ties">ties</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="India">India</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="kindred">kindred</span> <span word="democraticspirit">democraticspirit</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="counterweight">counterweight</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rising">rising</span> <span word="China">China</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Riedel">Riedel</span> <span word="points">points</span> <span word="out">out</span>, <span word="Barack">Barack</span> <span word="Obama">Obama</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="thefirst">thefirst</span> <span word="president">president</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="pursuing">pursuing</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="relations">relations</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="India">India</span> <span word="andPakistan">andPakistan</span>. <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Riedel">Riedel</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="recalls">recalls</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="presidential">presidential</span> <span word="efforts">efforts</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="consistently">consistently</span> <span word="failed">failed</span>. 因为印度与美国有相同的民主理念，可以作为制衡飞速发展中国的棋子，美国同样花了大力气建立密切的美印关系。里德尔指出，对于美印和美巴关系，奥巴马并不是美国历史上第一位试图同时拉拢的总统。同时他还回忆说美国总统的这些努力总是在一如既往的失败。 <span word="So">So</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="weak">weak</span> <span word="position">position</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="dangerous">dangerous</span> <span word="potentialconflicts">potentialconflicts</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="nuclear">nuclear</span> <span word="war">war</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="ever">ever</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="fought">fought</span>, <span word="India">India</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Pakistan">Pakistan</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="likelybattlefields">likelybattlefields</span>. <span word="India">India</span> <span word="showed">showed</span> <span word="remarkable">remarkable</span> <span word="restraint">restraint</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> 2008 <span word="Mumbai">Mumbai</span> <span word="attack">attack</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="findit">findit</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="again">again</span>. <span word="Pakistan">Pakistan</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="lose">lose</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="conventional">conventional</span> <span word="war">war</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="India">India</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="betempted">betempted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="nuclear">nuclear</span> <span word="arsenal">arsenal</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="expanding">expanding</span> <span word="fast">fast</span>. 这样说来，美国即是在以一个弱势的角色，想去影响世界上最危险的潜在冲突。如果世界爆发核战争，印巴绝对是第一战场。印度在2008年孟买遭袭后显出了异乎寻常的自制力。但是，如果我们希望印度继续克己，当真难上加难。巴基斯坦和印度开战，绝对不会拥有打常规战争的机会，所以巴国也会动用自己的核武器储备，动用本国扩充迅猛的核武储备。 <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Riedel">Riedel</span>, <span word="like">like</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="analysts">analysts</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="describing">describing</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="repairIndia">repairIndia</span>-<span word="Pakistan">Pakistan</span> <span word="relations">relations</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="desirable">desirable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="so">so</span>, <span word="than">than</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="charting">charting</span> <span word="how">how</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="presented">presented</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cogent">cogent</span> <span word="argument">argument</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Americaand">Americaand</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="powersshould">powersshould</span> <span word="betrying">betrying</span> <span word="harder">harder</span>. 与大多数分析家一样，里德尔也更擅长去形容一番为什么印巴关系难以修复，为什么两国冲突不可避免，而不是仔细观察，寻找解决之道。好在里德尔展示了一个令人信服的论证，即美国和其他外部势力应该再加把劲。 词语解释 1.<span word="in">in</span> <span word="relation">relation</span> <span word="with">with</span> 关系 <span word="In">In</span> <span word="diplomatic">diplomatic</span> <span word="relation">relation</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="countries">countries</span>, <span word="weobserve">weobserve</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="principles">principles</span> <span word="based">based</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="peacefulco">peacefulco</span>-<span word="existence">existence</span>. 在对外关系中，我们遵循和平共处五项原则。 <span word="In">In</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="relation">relation</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="developing">developing</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="anaggressive">anaggressive</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="followed">followed</span>. 在和发展中国家的关系中，他们一直奉行侵略政策。 2.<span word="take">take</span> <span word="over">over</span> 接管 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="younger">younger</span> <span word="generation">generation</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="over">over</span>. 年轻一代将会开始接管中国的事务。 <span word="Are">Are</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="planning">planning</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="appointing">appointing</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="heir">heir</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="responsibilities">responsibilities</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="retirement">retirement</span>? 你有无计划在退休时安排一位接班人接替你的工作? 3.<span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="out">out</span> 执行;进行;完成 <span word="Kim">Kim</span> <span word="jong">jong</span>-<span word="il">il</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="threatened">threatened</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="nuclear">nuclear</span> <span word="missile">missile</span> <span word="tests">tests</span>. 金正日已威胁道要进行更多的核导弹试验。 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="military">military</span>-<span word="style">style</span> <span word="assault">assault</span> <span word="rifle">rifle</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shooting">shooting</span> <span word="spree">spree</span>. 警方表示，他使用一支军用突击步枪进行了这次疯狂枪杀。 4.<span word="trust">trust</span> <span word="with">with</span> 信任 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="establish">establish</span> <span word="trust">trust</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="phone">phone</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span> <span word="out">out</span>. 她们希望先建立与你的信任再把电话号码给你。 <span word="Make">Make</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="easy">easy</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="expose">expose</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="networks">networks</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="trust">trust</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="data">data</span>. 让人们能够很容易地揭露他们的关系网给他们相信的人。</p>
页:
[1]