汉语在台湾
<p> 2015复习正是强化复习阶段，在考研英语中占了40分，所以考研英语阅读是英语科目中重要的一项。名师老师曾建议过考研生需要坚持每天泛读10-15分钟的英文原刊。强烈推荐了杂志《经济学人》.杂志中的文章也是考研英语的主要材料来源.希望考研考生认真阅读，快速提高考研英语阅读水平。 <span word="Language">Language</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Taiwan">Taiwan</span> 汉语在台湾 <span word="Lost">Lost</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Romanisation">Romanisation</span> 迷失拼音 <span word="Ideological">Ideological</span> <span word="warfare">warfare</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="spelling">spelling</span> 拼写上的意识形态冲突 <span word="THE">THE</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="dtente">dtente</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="espoused">espoused</span> <span word="byTaiwan">byTaiwan</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="president">president</span>, <span word="Ma">Ma</span> <span word="Ying">Ying</span>-<span word="jeou">jeou</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="caused">caused</span> <span word="fearsamong">fearsamong</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="Taiwanese">Taiwanese</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="island">island</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="rowdy">rowdy</span> <span word="democracy">democracy</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="pushed">pushed</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span> <span word="spolitical">spolitical</span> <span word="embrace">embrace</span>. <span word="Fears">Fears</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="reunification">reunification</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="causing">causing</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="Taiwanese">Taiwanese</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="toreject">toreject</span> <span word="hanyu">hanyu</span> <span word="pinyin">pinyin</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="official">official</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Romanising">Romanising</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="andTaiwan">andTaiwan</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="favour">favour</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="older">older</span> <span word="system">system</span>. 台湾总统马英九就两岸关系主张缓和政策。这让台湾民众忧心忡忡，生恐岛内吵闹的政治局面将台湾推向大陆的怀抱。对于回归的担忧甚至引发部分台湾城市抵制汉语拼音，转而支持旧有的拉丁化方案。 <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Ma">Ma</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="declared">declared</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="usinghanyu">usinghanyu</span> <span word="pinyin">pinyin</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="reasoning">reasoning</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="sensible">sensible</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="phonetic">phonetic</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="virtuallyeverywhere">virtuallyeverywhere</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>, <span word="including">including</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="Nations">Nations</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="International">International</span> <span word="Organisation">Organisation</span> <span word="forStandardisation">forStandardisation</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="transcribing">transcribing</span> <span word="Mandarin">Mandarin</span> <span word="pronunciation">pronunciation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="characters">characters</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="theRoman">theRoman</span> <span word="alphabet">alphabet</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="problem">problem</span>: <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Communist">Communist</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1950<span word="s">s</span> <span word="andso">andso</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="Taiwanese">Taiwanese</span>, <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="suspect">suspect</span>. 早在5年多以前，马英九政府就宣布台湾将开始使用汉语拼音。其理由也非常充分，这种拼音方案几乎被全球所有地区用来将汉字发音转化为拉丁字母，包括美国和国际标准化组织。唯一的问题在于：这个方案诞生于19世纪50年代共党治下的中国，因而台湾民众对它疑心重重。 <span word="Officials">Officials</span> <span word="argue">argue</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="improve">improve</span> <span word="Taiwan">Taiwan</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="competitiveness">competitiveness</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="co">co</span>-<span word="ordinatingwith">ordinatingwith</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span>-<span word="speaking">speaking</span> <span word="societies">societies</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="Taiwanese">Taiwanese</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="ploy">ploy</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Macovertly">Macovertly</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="integrate">integrate</span> <span word="Taiwan">Taiwan</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="closely">closely</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="mainland">mainland</span>. 官方认为使用汉语拼音的能够同其他使用汉语的社会统一标准，从而也能提高台湾的经济竞争力。但不少台湾人坚信这这是马英九暗中将台湾和大陆一体化的阴谋。 <span word="Hanyu">Hanyu</span> <span word="pinyin">pinyin</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="street">street</span> <span word="signs">signs</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="island">island</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="capital">capital</span>, <span word="Taipei">Taipei</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="ruledby">ruledby</span> <span word="opposition">opposition</span> <span word="mayors">mayors</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="staging">staging</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="boycott">boycott</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="include">include</span> <span word="Kaohsiung">Kaohsiung</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="island">island</span> <span word="ssecond">ssecond</span>-<span word="largest">largest</span> <span word="metropolis">metropolis</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Tainan">Tainan</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="tourist">tourist</span> <span word="spot">spot</span> <span word="filled">filled</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="charming">charming</span> <span word="temples">temples</span>.<span word="These">These</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="clinging">clinging</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Romanisation">Romanisation</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="tongyong">tongyong</span> <span word="pinyin">pinyin</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="wasintroduced">wasintroduced</span> <span word="in">in</span> 2002 <span word="and">and</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="closely">closely</span> <span word="associated">associated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Ma">Ma</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="predecessor">predecessor</span>, <span word="Chen">Chen</span> <span word="Shui">Shui</span>-<span word="bian">bian</span>, <span word="apassionate">apassionate</span> <span word="advocate">advocate</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="independence">independence</span>. <span word="Tongyong">Tongyong</span> <span word="pinyin">pinyin</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="unique">unique</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Taiwan">Taiwan</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="usewas">usewas</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="lambasted">lambasted</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Xinhua">Xinhua</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mainland">mainland</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="official">official</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="agency">agency</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rid">rid</span> <span word="Taiwanof">Taiwanof</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="influence">influence</span>. 汉语拼音如今已经用于首都台北的路牌，不过由反对党市长领导的城市仍在进行抵制。其中包括岛内第二大城市高雄和寺庙充盈的旅游胜地台南。这些城市坚持使用通用拼音，该拉丁化方案在2002年开始使用。这套方案的使用同马的前任激进的台独分子陈水扁，有很大关系。通用拼音仅被台湾采用，并且曾被大陆官媒新华社斥责为意图消除台湾的中华传统。 <span word="Expatriate">Expatriate</span> <span word="newcomers">newcomers</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="characters">characters</span> <span word="easily">easily</span> <span word="lose">lose</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="way">way</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Altar">Altar</span> <span word="ofHeaven">ofHeaven</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="temple">temple</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Tainan">Tainan</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="located">located</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lane">lane</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="Jhongyi">Jhongyi</span> <span word="Road">Road</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="governmentwebsite">governmentwebsite</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="Zhongyi">Zhongyi</span> <span word="Road">Road</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Google">Google</span> <span word="Maps">Maps</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="lingering">lingering</span> <span word="third">third</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="asWade">asWade</span>-<span word="Giles">Giles</span>, <span word="used">used</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="others">others</span>, <span word="confuses">confuses</span> <span word="visitors">visitors</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="more">more</span>. <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Ma">Ma</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="officials">officials</span> <span word="saythere">saythere</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="legal">legal</span> <span word="requirement">requirement</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="governments">governments</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="adopt">adopt</span> <span word="hanyu">hanyu</span> <span word="pinyin">pinyin</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="arereluctant">arereluctant</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="push">push</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="hard">hard</span>, <span word="lest">lest</span> <span word="theystir">theystir</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="memories">memories</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="harsh">harsh</span> <span word="martial">martial</span>-<span word="law">law</span> <span word="regime">regime</span> <span word="thatended">thatended</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="decades">decades</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>. <span word="But">But</span>, <span word="even">even</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="language">language</span>, <span word="Taiwan">Taiwan</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="divided">divided</span>. 不懂汉语的移民后代重回台湾时，很容易就会迷路。比如，台南天坛位于忠义路边上的小巷中，这条路的路牌上写的是<span word="Jhongyi">Jhongyi</span> <span word="Road">Road</span>，而谷歌地图的显示是<span word="Zhongyi">Zhongyi</span> <span word="Road">Road</span>。还有第三种拼音方案叫做威妥玛式拼音法，曾被双方使用，但是却更让游客迷惑。马英九政府的官员表示，法律上并没有要求地方政府接受汉语拼音，政府也不愿意强制推行，以免让他们觉得回到了20多年前残酷的军统时期。即便是从语言上说，台湾仍出在和大陆分离的状态。 词语解释 1.<span word="push">push</span> <span word="into">into</span> 推进，推动 <span word="Japanese">Japanese</span> <span word="firms">firms</span> <span word="push">push</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="emerging">emerging</span> <span word="markets">markets</span>. 经济学人日本企业推进新兴市场。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="push">push</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="brazil">brazil</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="china">china</span> <span word="follows">follows</span> <span word="img">img</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="successin">successin</span> <span word="india">india</span>. 进入巴西和中国市场之前，<span word="img">img</span>在印度大获成功。 2.<span word="in">in</span> <span word="favour">favour</span> <span word="of">of</span> 赞成,支持 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="political">political</span> <span word="argument">argument</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="favour">favour</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="reform">reform</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="strong">strong</span>. 支持政治改革的理由是不容小觑的。 <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="consensus">consensus</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="favour">favour</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="changing">changing</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="dramatically">dramatically</span>. 对急剧改变这一模式的支持还没达成一致。 3.<span word="fill">fill</span> <span word="with">with</span> 装满 <span word="Your">Your</span> <span word="lungs">lungs</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="leaky">leaky</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fill">fill</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="fluid">fluid</span>. 肺部开始渗漏，充满液体。 <span word="Select">Select</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="fill">fill</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pattern">pattern</span>. 选择要用图案填充的单元格。 4.<span word="associate">associate</span> <span word="with">with</span> 联合,联系 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="date">date</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="associate">associate</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="type">type</span> <span word="library">library</span>. 与该类型库相关联的日期和时间。 <span word="Choosing">Choosing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="career">career</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="your">your</span> 50<span word="s">s</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="strictly">strictly</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rich">rich</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bold">bold</span>, <span word="neithercharacteristics">neithercharacteristics</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="immediately">immediately</span> <span word="associate">associate</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="university">university</span> <span word="academic">academic</span>. 只有富人或无畏的人才会选择在50多岁改变职业，这两者的特征我都不能立即与一位大学老师联系起来。</p>
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