斯里兰卡穆斯林
<p> 2015复习正是强化复习阶段，在考研英语中占了40分，所以考研英语阅读是英语科目中重要的一项。名师老师曾建议过考研生需要坚持每天泛读10-15分钟的英文原刊。强烈推荐了杂志《经济学人》.杂志中的文章也是考研英语的主要材料来源.希望考研考生认真阅读，快速提高考研英语阅读水平。 <span word="Sri">Sri</span> <span word="Lanka">Lanka</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="Muslims">Muslims</span> 斯里兰卡穆斯林 <span word="Buddhist">Buddhist</span> <span word="power">power</span> 佛教武装 <span word="Another">Another</span> <span word="minority">minority</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="threat">threat</span> 又一个少数群体遭受威胁 <span word="Living">Living</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="fear">fear</span> 活在恐惧中 <span word="FIVE">FIVE</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bloody">bloody</span> <span word="civil">civil</span> <span word="war">war</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="pitted">pitted</span> <span word="Sri">Sri</span> <span word="Lanka">Lanka</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="ethnic">ethnic</span>-<span word="Sinhala">Sinhala</span>-<span word="dominatedgovernment">dominatedgovernment</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="Tamil">Tamil</span> <span word="minority">minority</span>, <span word="fears">fears</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="mountingviolence">mountingviolence</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="fault">fault</span>-<span word="linesreligion">linesreligion</span>. <span word="On">On</span> <span word="June">June</span> 15<span word="th">th</span> <span word="Sinhala">Sinhala</span> <span word="Buddhistmobs">Buddhistmobs</span> <span word="rampaged">rampaged</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="towns">towns</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="southern">southern</span> <span word="coast">coast</span>, <span word="burning">burning</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="attacking">attacking</span> <span word="Muslimbusinesses">Muslimbusinesses</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="homes">homes</span>. <span word="Families">Families</span> <span word="cowered">cowered</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="marshes">marshes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="refuge">refuge</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="mosques">mosques</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="crowdsbanged">crowdsbanged</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="doors">doors</span>, <span word="baying">baying</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Muslims">Muslims</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="out">out</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="carried">carried</span> <span word="clubs">clubs</span>, <span word="others">others</span> <span word="flung">flung</span> <span word="petrolbombs">petrolbombs</span>. 五年之前，主要民族僧伽罗人控制的政府军和泰米尔少数民族之间的血腥内战让斯里兰卡变得遍地弹坑。如今，对于该国不同宗教间不断增加的暴力冲突的担忧也越来越多。6月15日，僧伽罗佛教暴徒在南部沿海的三个城镇实施暴行，焚烧和袭击了穆斯林商店和居住地。大群暴徒敲打着穆斯林的家门，叫嚣着让他们滚出去。这些暴徒拿着木棒，挥舞着汽油炸弹，所以居民们只能退缩到沼泽或到清真寺里去寻求保护。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="violence">violence</span> <span word="sputtered">sputtered</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="nearly">nearly</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="days">days</span>. <span word="Four">Four</span> <span word="people">people</span>, <span word="three">three</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="Muslims">Muslims</span>, <span word="were">were</span> <span word="killed">killed</span>,<span word="and">and</span> <span word="about">about</span> 80 <span word="were">were</span> <span word="injured">injured</span>. <span word="Calm">Calm</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="restored">restored</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="army">army</span> <span word="stepped">stepped</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="June">June</span> 17<span word="th">th</span>.<span word="Outnumbered">Outnumbered</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="police">police</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="special">special</span> <span word="forces">forces</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="struggled">struggled</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="beat">beat</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mobs">mobs</span>. <span word="AngryMuslims">AngryMuslims</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span>. 暴行持续了两天，造成4人死亡，80人受伤。直到17日，军队进入事发地区后才恢复了平静。这之前，寡不敌众的警方和特殊武装一直在勉强对抗暴徒。愤怒的穆斯林表示很多军人只是在围观，而没有采取任何行为。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="mobs">mobs</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="incited">incited</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="inflammatory">inflammatory</span> <span word="speech">speech</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Buddhist">Buddhist</span> <span word="monk">monk</span> <span word="named">named</span> <span word="GalagodaAththe">GalagodaAththe</span> <span word="Gnanasara">Gnanasara</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="rabble">rabble</span>-<span word="rouser">rouser</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Burmese">Burmese</span> <span word="monk">monk</span>, <span word="Wirathu">Wirathu</span>, <span word="whom">whom</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="recentlyvisited">recentlyvisited</span>, <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Gnanasara">Gnanasara</span> <span word="leads">leads</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="organisation">organisation</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="Bodu">Bodu</span> <span word="Bala">Bala</span> <span word="Sena">Sena</span> , <span word="or">or</span> <span word="Buddhist">Buddhist</span> <span word="PowerForce">PowerForce</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="supports">supports</span> <span word="militancy">militancy</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="minorities">minorities</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="preserve">preserve</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dominance">dominance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Buddhistmajority">Buddhistmajority</span>. <span word="Muslims">Muslims</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="targets">targets</span>. <span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="just">just</span> 10% <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="population">population</span>, <span word="theyare">theyare</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="headway">headway</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="finance">finance</span>. <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="shops">shops</span> <span word="attacked">attacked</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="run">run</span> <span word="byMuslims">byMuslims</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="razed">razed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ground">ground</span>. 这些暴徒是受到了佛教僧侣<span word="Galagoda">Galagoda</span> <span word="Aththe">Aththe</span> <span word="Gnanasara">Gnanasara</span>讲话的煽动。<span word="Gnanasara">Gnanasara</span>是一个和缅甸僧侣维拉图一样的煽动者，他最近还拜访了后者。<span word="Gnanasara">Gnanasara</span>领导着一支名为<span word="Bodu">Bodu</span> <span word="Bala">Bala</span> <span word="Sena">Sena</span>的组织，该组织支持用武装力量打击少数教派来保住多数人信奉的佛教的统治地位。穆斯林被列为主要的打击对象。只占10%的人口的穆斯林在贸易和财政行业表现出色。本周受到袭击的店铺大多为穆斯林经营的。但其中不少被夷为了平地。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="BBS">BBS</span> <span word="organised">organised</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rally">rally</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="town">town</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Aluthgama">Aluthgama</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Gnanasara">Gnanasara</span> <span word="raged">raged</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="anymarakkalayawho">anymarakkalayawho</span> <span word="laid">laid</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="finger">finger</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Sinhalese">Sinhalese</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="doomed">doomed</span>. <span word="His">His</span> <span word="timing">timing</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="pointed">pointed</span>. <span word="Threedays">Threedays</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span> <span word="hundreds">hundreds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="angry">angry</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="surrounded">surrounded</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Aluthgama">Aluthgama</span> <span word="police">police</span> <span word="station">station</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="aMuslim">aMuslim</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="assaulted">assaulted</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="driver">driver</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Buddhist">Buddhist</span> <span word="monk">monk</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="traffic">traffic</span> <span word="dispute">dispute</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="monkclaimed">monkclaimed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="wounded">wounded</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="blamed">blamed</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="allowing">allowing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="BBSmeeting">BBSmeeting</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="incident">incident</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="inspector">inspector</span>-<span word="general">general</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="police">police</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="hadthought">hadthought</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rally">rally</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="peacefully">peacefully</span>. <span word="Muslim">Muslim</span> <span word="parliamentarians">parliamentarians</span> <span word="countered">countered</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="triedhard">triedhard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stop">stop</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="ahead">ahead</span>. <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Gnanasara">Gnanasara</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="hate">hate</span> <span word="speech">speech</span> <span word="clearly">clearly</span> <span word="violates">violates</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="law">law</span>. <span word="Nor">Nor</span> <span word="isthis">isthis</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="incited">incited</span> <span word="violence">violence</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="Muslims">Muslims</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="arrested">arrested</span> <span word="forhis">forhis</span> <span word="latest">latest</span> <span word="speech">speech</span>, <span word="though">though</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="June">June</span> 17<span word="th">th</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="police">police</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="court">court</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stop">stop</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="BBS">BBS</span> <span word="rally">rally</span>.<span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="authorised">authorised</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="shoot">shoot</span> <span word="violators">violators</span>. 佛教武装力量曾组织在<span word="Aluthgama">Aluthgama</span>镇发起了一次集会，集会上<span word="Gnanasara">Gnanasara</span>愤怒地表示任何一个动了僧伽罗人的<span word="marakkalaya">marakkalaya</span>都完蛋了。他刻意选择了这个时机。3天前，因为一名穆斯林男子在一次交通纠纷后袭击了佛教徒司机，数百民愤怒的民众包围了<span word="Aluthgama">Aluthgama</span>警察局。这个佛教徒司机称自己也受了伤。在事故发生后这么短的时间内居然让佛教武装力量举行了集会，政府因此饱受指摘。警察总长表示，他本以为集会和平结束。穆斯林议员们也反驳说，他们已经为阻止集会发生做了很多努力。<span word="Gnanasara">Gnanasara</span>充满恶意的演讲明显违反了法律，而且这已经不是他第一次煽动对于穆斯林的仇恨。目前，<span word="Gnanasara">Gnanasara</span>还没有因为最近的这次演讲而被逮捕，但警方在6月17号接到了阻止佛教武装力量集会的法庭命令。他们也被允许对反抗者开枪。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="press">press</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="largely">largely</span> <span word="ignored">ignored</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="played">played</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rioting">rioting</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="PresidentMahinda">PresidentMahinda</span> <span word="Rajapaksa">Rajapaksa</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Bolivia">Bolivia</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="G">G</span>77 <span word="summit">summit</span>, <span word="tweeting">tweeting</span> <span word="breezily">breezily</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="climatechange">climatechange</span>. <span word="After">After</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="criticised">criticised</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="apparent">apparent</span> <span word="insouciance">insouciance</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Twitter">Twitter</span> <span word="again">again</span> <span word="topledge">topledge</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bring">bring</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="promised">promised</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="investigation">investigation</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="saidthe">saidthe</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="rebuild">rebuild</span> <span word="destroyed">destroyed</span> <span word="houses">houses</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="shops">shops</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="hardto">hardto</span> <span word="portray">portray</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="staunch">staunch</span> <span word="defender">defender</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="Muslim">Muslim</span> <span word="minority">minority</span>. 大部分地方媒体忽视或是淡化了这次暴动。正在玻利维亚参加77国集团峰会的马欣达拉贾帕克萨总统也是如此，他轻描淡写地发布着关于气候变化的推特。被批评为漠不关心后，总统又再发推特，保证会谴责这些不负责任的人。他还承诺会展开调查，并表示政府将修复被摧毁的房屋和店面。但是拉贾帕克萨政府很难让人相信他们会成为为穆斯林少数群体坚定的保护者。 词语解释 1.<span word="under">under</span> <span word="threat">threat</span> 受到威胁 <span word="But">But</span> <span word="hamas">hamas</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="hegemony">hegemony</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="threat">threat</span>. 但是哈马斯的领导权现在受到威胁。 <span word="Meanwhile">Meanwhile</span>, <span word="microsoft">microsoft</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="core">core</span> <span word="software">software</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="isunder">isunder</span> <span word="threat">threat</span>. 与此同时，微软的核心软件业务正面临威胁。 2.<span word="step">step</span> <span word="in">in</span> 干涉;介入;进入 <span word="So">So</span> <span word="trustbusters">trustbusters</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="step">step</span> <span word="in">in</span>. 所以此时反垄断者们不得不介入。 <span word="So">So</span> <span word="regulators">regulators</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="step">step</span> <span word="in">in</span>. 所以，监管机构可能不得不介入。 3.<span word="struggle">struggle</span> <span word="to">to</span> 斗争 <span word="Regulators">Regulators</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="struggle">struggle</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="better">better</span>. 规制者很难做得更好。 <span word="Companies">Companies</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="developing">developing</span> <span word="nations">nations</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="struggle">struggle</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bolster">bolster</span> <span word="balance">balance</span> <span word="sheets">sheets</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="raising">raising</span> <span word="equity">equity</span>. 发展中国家的企业仍很难通过筹集股本为资产负债表提供支持。 4.<span word="blame">blame</span> <span word="for">for</span> 责怪,责备 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="blame">blame</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="impasse">impasse</span> <span word="falls">falls</span> <span word="mostly">mostly</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="republicans">republicans</span>. 共和党人应承担造成此僵局的主要责任。 <span word="All">All</span> <span word="presidents">presidents</span> <span word="tend">tend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="blame">blame</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="fuel">fuel</span> <span word="prices">prices</span>. 世界各国的领袖都会因油价高企而受到指责。</p>
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