世界如何看待美国
<p> 2015复习正是强化复习阶段，在考研英语中占了40分，所以考研英语阅读是英语科目中重要的一项。名师老师曾建议过考研生需要坚持每天泛读10-15分钟的英文原刊。强烈推荐了杂志《经济学人》.杂志中的文章也是考研英语的主要材料来源.希望考研考生认真阅读，快速提高考研英语阅读水平。 <span word="How">How</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="sees">sees</span> <span word="America">America</span> 世界如何看待美国? <span word="Still">Still</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hill">hill</span> 依然在巅峰 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="NSA">NSA</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="snooping">snooping</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="damage">damage</span> <span word="thanpreviously">thanpreviously</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> 美国国家安全局的窥探造成的破坏比预想的要小 <span word="VOTERS">VOTERS</span>, <span word="journalists">journalists</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="everyone">everyone</span> <span word="payingattention">payingattention</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="politics">politics</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="tend">tend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="overestimate">overestimate</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="president">president</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="BarackObama">BarackObama</span> <span word="won">won</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="House">House</span> <span word="in">in</span> 2008, <span word="many">many</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="dazzled">dazzled</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="promises">promises</span> <span word="ofchange">ofchange</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="judicious">judicious</span> <span word="mix">mix</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="strength">strength</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="humility">humility</span> <span word="abroad">abroad</span>. <span word="Indeed">Indeed</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="washoped">washoped</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Obama">Obama</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="rescue">rescue</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="image">image</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="eight">eight</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="George">George</span> <span word="Bush">Bush</span> <span word="sbrand">sbrand</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cowboy">cowboy</span>-<span word="booted">booted</span> <span word="diplomacy">diplomacy</span>. <span word="Since">Since</span> <span word="then">then</span>, <span word="America">America</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="worries">worries</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="worldsees">worldsees</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="president">president</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="extension">extension</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span>, <span word="have">have</span> <span word="divided">divided</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="heis">heis</span> <span word="aloof">aloof</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="reluctant">reluctant</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="military">military</span> <span word="force">force</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="weak">weak</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="thosewho">thosewho</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="administration">administration</span> <span word="intervenes">intervenes</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="much">much</span>, <span word="making">making</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="callous">callous</span>. 选民、记者以及关注政治的民众貌似都高估了总统的权力。当奥巴马总统2008年竞选成功入主白宫时，众多的美国民众被其国内改革和判断准确的实力与谦虚并重的国外政策弄得眼花缭乱。确实，在经历了布什总统8年的牛仔外交之后，人们希望奥巴马能够拯救美国的国家形象。自此以后，美国民众对世界如何看待美国总统及其怎样让国家富强的担忧已经分为两大阵营。一些人认为他不愿意使用军事力量，这让美国看起来十分懦弱，另一些民众则认为他干涉过多，让这个国家看起来很不近人情。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rest">rest</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="by">by</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Pew">Pew</span> <span word="Research">Research</span> <span word="Centreworld">Centreworld</span> <span word="poll">poll</span>, <span word="published">published</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="July">July</span> 14<span word="th">th</span>. <span word="Foreigners">Foreigners</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="snooped">snooped</span> <span word="on">on</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="mostcountries">mostcountries</span> <span word="disapprove">disapprove</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="drones">drones</span>. <span word="Yet">Yet</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="places">places</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Middle">Middle</span> <span word="East">East</span> <span word="stillview">stillview</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="favourably">favourably</span>. <span word="Nor">Nor</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="disenchantment">disenchantment</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="president">president</span>, <span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="jobapproval">jobapproval</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span> <span word="hover">hover</span> <span word="around">around</span> 40%, <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="echoed">echoed</span> <span word="elsewhere">elsewhere</span>. <span word="Taking">Taking</span> <span word="Pew">Pew</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="numberson">numberson</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="expect">expect</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Obama">Obama</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="right">right</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="affairs">affairs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="comparingthem">comparingthem</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="state">state</span>-<span word="by">by</span>-<span word="state">state</span> <span word="presidential">presidential</span> <span word="approval">approval</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Gallup">Gallup</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="turns">turns</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span>44<span word="th">th</span> <span word="president">president</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> 50 <span word="states">states</span>: <span word="Maryland">Maryland</span>,<span word="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Hawaii">Hawaii</span>. 根据皮尤调查研究中心7月14日发布的国际民意思调查报告，这种观点似乎不为外界所知。外国人不是很喜欢被窥视，许多国家都反对美国使用无人机。然而在中东以外的许多地区人们依然很喜欢美国。美国民众并没有对其总统失去信心、不抱幻想。总统的工作得到40%的民众的支持，这也在其他方面得到回应。 <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Obama">Obama</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="popularity">popularity</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="handy">handy</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="alarming">alarming</span> <span word="finding">finding</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="studyis">studyis</span> <span word="that">that</span> 62% <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="polled">polled</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="worry">worry</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="border">border</span> <span word="disputes">disputes</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="lead">lead</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="armedconflict">armedconflict</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> 67% <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="thing">thing</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="president">president</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="approval">approval</span> <span word="ratings">ratings</span> <span word="diddrop">diddrop</span> <span word="considerably">considerably</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="affronted">affronted</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="NSA">NSA</span>: <span word="Brazil">Brazil</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Germany">Germany</span>. <span word="Yetthese">Yetthese</span> <span word="opinions">opinions</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="placed">placed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="context">context</span>. <span word="Brazilians">Brazilians</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="harboured">harboured</span> <span word="suspicions">suspicions</span> <span word="ofAmerica">ofAmerica</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="president">president</span>, <span word="Dilma">Dilma</span> <span word="Rousseff">Rousseff</span>, <span word="was">was</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="tortured">tortured</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="opposition">opposition</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="amilitary">amilitary</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Brazilian">Brazilian</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="supported">supported</span> <span word="byAmerica">byAmerica</span>; <span word="the">the</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="torturing">torturing</span> <span word="fretted">fretted</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Yankees">Yankees</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="grabthe">grabthe</span> <span word="Amazon">Amazon</span>. 奥巴马在中国的欢迎程度极易可得。最令人警醒的结果是调查中，接受调查的中国人里约62%的人担心边界争端将会导致武装冲突。约67%的美国人也表达了同样的看法。总统的支持率在被美国国家安全局公然侮辱的两个国家骤降。然而这些观点必须放在特定的语境中审视。长期以来，巴西人就对美国持怀疑态度。巴西总统迪尔玛卢瑟福曾经因为她反对军事政府而遭折磨，而绝大多数的巴西左派人士认为这一军事政府是美国支持的。实施折磨的政府担心美国人可能会入侵并攫取亚马孙地区。 <span word="Meanwhile">Meanwhile</span> <span word="Germany">Germany</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="internal">internal</span> <span word="history">history</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="snooping">snooping</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="wary">wary</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="allgovernment">allgovernment</span> <span word="surveillance">surveillance</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="Germans">Germans</span> <span word="view">view</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="favourably">favourably</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="theydid">theydid</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Bush">Bush</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="charge">charge</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="Obama">Obama</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="lesspopular">lesspopular</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Bush">Bush</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="Russia">Russia</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="Republicans">Republicans</span> <span word="discusshow">discusshow</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Obama">Obama</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="weakness">weakness</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="emboldened">emboldened</span> <span word="Vladimir">Vladimir</span> <span word="Putin">Putin</span>. 与此同时，德国窥探的内部历史使这个国家堤防所有形式的政府监视。现在，甚至连德国，相较于布什主政时期，对美国的态度更为友善。唯一一个让奥巴马通知下的美国不如布什时代受欢迎的国家是俄罗斯，这是共和党人讨论奥巴马的羸弱怎样给普金壮胆很可能会忽视的一个环节。 <span word="Unfortunately">Unfortunately</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="Pew">Pew</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="regarded">regarded</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="count">count</span> <span word="formuch">formuch</span>. <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Obama">Obama</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="presence">presence</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="House">House</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="improved">improved</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="image">image</span> <span word="abroad">abroad</span>, <span word="butthat">butthat</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="helped">helped</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bring">bring</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="pacts">pacts</span>, <span word="peace">peace</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Middle">Middle</span> <span word="East">East</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="worldwide">worldwide</span> <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="cutcarbon">cutcarbon</span>-<span word="dioxide">dioxide</span> <span word="emissions">emissions</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Obama">Obama</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="boosters">boosters</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="hecould">hecould</span> <span word="achieve">achieve</span>. <span word="Like">Like</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="presidents">presidents</span>, <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Obama">Obama</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="consistsof">consistsof</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="unpleasant">unpleasant</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="unsatisfactory">unsatisfactory</span> <span word="choices">choices</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="faced">faced</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="crises">crises</span>, <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="thanreshaping">thanreshaping</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>. 然而不幸的是，皮尤调查中心的数据同时还表明被友好地对待并不能说明太多问题。奥巴马入主白宫确实提升了美国在国外的国家形象，但是这并没有帮助带来贸易协定、中东地区的和平、全球范围的二氧化碳减排协议抑或是其他奥巴马总统的支持者曾经认为他所能带来的变化。正如许多其他的总统一样，目前为止，奥巴马总统在面对危机的时候，他所倡导的外交政策是做一些令人不愉快不满意的选择而非重整整个世界的秩序。 词语解释 1.<span word="reluctant">reluctant</span> <span word="to">to</span> 勉强的 <span word="And">And</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="reluctant">reluctant</span> <span word="todo">todo</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="instead">instead</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="along">along</span>. 所以你和其他人就会变得勉为其难，而不是仅仅在一起玩下去。 <span word="One">One</span> <span word="solution">solution</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="duplicate">duplicate</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="list">list</span> <span word="inXML">inXML</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="re">re</span> <span word="reluctant">reluctant</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="listchanges">listchanges</span> <span word="frequently">frequently</span>. 一个解决方案是以 <span word="XML">XML</span> 格式复制该列表，但我们不太愿意这样做，因为该列表经常更改。 2.<span word="military">military</span> <span word="force">force</span> 军事力量 <span word="We">We</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="deploying">deploying</span> <span word="military">military</span> <span word="force">force</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="association">association</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="allies">allies</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="achieve">achieve</span> <span word="clear">clear</span> <span word="butlimited">butlimited</span> <span word="goals">goals</span>. 为了完成清晰而又有限的目标，我们正在与我们的欧洲同盟一道部署军事力量。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Pentagon">Pentagon</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="sabotage">sabotage</span> <span word="coming">coming</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="canconstitute">canconstitute</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="act">act</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="war">war</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="respond">respond</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="traditional">traditional</span> <span word="military">military</span> <span word="force">force</span>. 这个星期五角大楼称来自其它国家的计算机破坏行为将构成战争行为，对此美国将会使用传统军事力量作为回应。 3.<span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> 根据，按照;取决于 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="everything">everything</span> <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Hoyle">Hoyle</span>. 他们一切都按照规定办理。 <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Christian">Christian</span> <span word="religion">religion</span>,<span word="Jesus">Jesus</span> <span word="Christ">Christ</span> <span word="resurrected">resurrected</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="death">death</span>. 根据基督教的说法，耶稣基督曾死而复生。 4.<span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="to">to</span> 似乎，好象 <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="lucky">lucky</span>. 有些人似乎从来都是幸运的。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="someone">someone</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="house">house</span>. 我好像看见有人走进了我的家。</p>
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