2015考研英语阅读理解长难句解析50句二
<p> 阅读最难的就是长难句的理解，在线小编整理了2015长难句解析50句，希望考研考生可以通过长难句解析来提高理解能力。 11. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="grows">grows</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hope">hope</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="history">history</span>, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="freedom">freedom</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="freedom">freedom</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="fear">fear</span>. 【结构分析】句中的定语从句<span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="grows">grows</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hope">hope</span>..是完全倒装句。主语<span word="the">the</span> <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="society">society</span>和定语<span word="where">where</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span>.. .<span word="fear">fear</span>较长，置于动词<span word="grows">grows</span>之后。由于限制性定语从句<span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="grows">grows</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hope">hope</span>., .<span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="society">society</span>与主句关系紧密，所以采用融合法将<span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>...<span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="society">society</span>译成一个单句。<span word="where">where</span>引导的定语从句太长，可用后置法译成一个单句。 【语法难点】完全倒装句;插入语;<span word="where">where</span>引导定语从句，此时不能用<span word="that">that</span>。 【词汇知识】<span word="free">free</span> <span word="from">from</span>没有的，免除不受拘束的 [同例]<span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="from">from</span>避开;禁止;隐瞒;克制 【参考译文】这是历史上首次出现的一个给人以希望的世界。在这个世界上有希望诞生一个 没有贫困、没有暴力的社会。 12. <span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="cream">cream</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="faster">faster</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="butter">butter</span>? <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="answer">answer</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="structure">structure</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="food">food</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="chemical">chemical</span> <span word="compositiona">compositiona</span> <span word="finding">finding</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="rid">rid</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="processed">processed</span> <span word="foods">foods</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="chemical">chemical</span> <span word="preservatives">preservatives</span>. 【结构分析】句子主干为<span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="think">think</span>...<span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="down">down</span>:。破折号后面的部分是<span word="answer">answer</span>的同位语;<span word="that">that</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="help">help</span>是<span word="finding">finding</span>的定语从句。 【语法难点】同位语从句的分列式表达法。 【词汇知识】<span word="come">come</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="to">to</span>归结为，涉及到，变为 <span word="rid">rid</span>...<span word="of">of</span>使摆脱，使去掉 <span word="process">process</span> <span word="v">v</span>.加工，处理 【参考译文】为什么奶酪会比黄油更容易变质?一些研究者认为他们已经找到了答案，并将其归结为食物的构成，不是化学成分这一发现能使有些加工食品不再使用化学防腐剂。 13. <span word="Children">Children</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="dolls">dolls</span> <span word="equipped">equipped</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="personality">personality</span> <span word="chips">chips</span>, <span word="computers">computers</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="inbuilt">inbuilt</span> <span word="personalities">personalities</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="regarded">regarded</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="workmates">workmates</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="tools">tools</span>, <span word="relaxation">relaxation</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="front">front</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="smell">smell</span> <span word="television">television</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="digital">digital</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span>. 【结构分析】句子框架为 <span word="Children">Children</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="dolls">dolls</span>..., <span word="computerswill">computerswill</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="regarded">regarded</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="workmates">workmates</span>..., <span word="relaxation">relaxation</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="front">front</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="smell">smell</span> <span word="television">television</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="digital">digital</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span>. ,其中 <span word="equipped">equipped</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="personality">personality</span> <span word="chips">chips</span> 是做定语的分词短语，修饰 <span word="dolls">dolls</span> 【语法难点】多重并列句。 【词汇知识】<span word="chip">chip</span> 碎片;油煎土豆片;集成电路块;[计]芯片 <span word="inbuilt">inbuilt</span>内置式的 <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span>不是别的而是 【参考译文】儿童将与装有个性化芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有个性内置的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将在气味电视机前休闲，那时数字化时代就来到了。 14. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="imagined">imagined</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="operations">operations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="processes">processes</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="required">required</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sort">sort</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="special">special</span> <span word="training">training</span>. 【结构分析】本句结构为形式主语<span word="it">it</span>引导两个由<span word="that">that</span>引导的并列主语。 【语法难点】原文中有三个被动语态<span word="is">is</span> <span word="imagined">imagined</span>, <span word="be">be</span> <span word="compared">compared</span>和<span word="be">be</span> <span word="required">required</span>,.译成汉语变成主动表达：认为、相比和掌握。 【词汇知识】<span word="by">by</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="means">means</span>决不，一点也不 <span word="by">by</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="means">means</span> 当然可以，没问题 <span word="by">by</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="means">means</span> [口]用一切可能的方法或手段 <span word="by">by</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="of">of</span>通过;.用;借助于 【参考译文】许多人认为，普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维活动相比，认为这些思维活动必须经过某种专门训练才能掌握。 15. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scales">scales</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="case">case</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="balance">balance</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span>, <span word="differ">differ</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="principles">principles</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="construction">construction</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="manner">manner</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="working">working</span>; <span word="but">but</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="latter">latter</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="finer">finer</span> <span word="apparatus">apparatus</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="course">course</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="accurate">accurate</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="measurement">measurement</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="former">former</span>. 【结构分析】本句为<span word="it">it</span>引导一个表语从句，表语从句为<span word="not">not</span> <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="that">that</span>连接的并列复合句中后置修饰语较多。 【语法难点】句型<span word="not">not</span> <span word="that">that</span> ...<span word="but">but</span> <span word="that">that</span> ...;代词的替代关系。 【词汇知识】<span word="the">the</span> <span word="former">former</span> ...<span word="the">the</span> <span word="latter">latter</span> , 【参考译文】这并不是说面包师或卖肉者所用的磅秤和化学家所用的天秤在构造原理和工作方法上存在多少差别，而是说与前者相比，后者是一种更为精密的仪器， 在计量上必然比前者准确得多。 16. <span word="How">How</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="predictions">predictions</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="validated">validated</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="performance">performance</span> <span word="depends">depends</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="amount">amount</span>, <span word="reliability">reliability</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="appropriateness">appropriateness</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="skill">skill</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="interpreted">interpreted</span>. 【结构分析】<span word="How">How</span>...<span word="performance">performance</span>为主语从句，<span word="depends">depends</span> <span word="upon">upon</span>为谓语动词。<span word="with">with</span> <span word="which">which</span>引导定语从句，修饰 <span word="skill">skill</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span>; <span word="which">which</span> 指 <span word="skill">skill</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="wisdom">wisdom</span>;在本句中 <span word="it">it</span> 指代<span word="information">information</span>。 【语法难点】主语从句;介词+<span word="which">which</span>引导定语从句，其中介词一般取决于后面从句中的动词搭配或形容词搭配，或取决于先行词。 【词汇知识】<span word="validate">validate</span> <span word="vt">vt</span>.[律]使有效，使生效，确认，证实，验证 <span word="validity">validity</span> <span word="n">n</span>.有效性，合法性，正确性 <span word="depend">depend</span> <span word="on">on</span>/<span word="upon">upon</span>依靠;由而定，取决于;从属于;依赖其维持 <span word="reliability">reliability</span> <span word="n">n</span>.可靠性;可信赖[比较]<span word="liability">liability</span>责任;倾向;债务 <span word="appropriate">appropriate</span> <span word="a">a</span>.适当的 【参考译文】这些测试在多大程度上能被后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用的信息的数量、 可靠性和适应性，以及解释这些信息的技能和才智。 17. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="repeated">repeated</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="induction">induction</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="deduction">deduction</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="operations">operations</span>, <span word="they">they</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sort">sort</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sense">sense</span>, <span word="manage">manage</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="extract">extract</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Nature">Nature</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="laws">laws</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span>, <span word="by">by</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="special">special</span> <span word="skill">skill</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="build">build</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="theories">theories</span>. 【结构分析】本句为带有三个由<span word="that">that</span>引导的宾语从句的主从复合句。<span word="it">it</span>为形式宾语，代替三个真正的宾语从句，句中有许多介词短语做状语。 【语法难点】<span word="it">it</span>做形式宾语，常常代替后面的从句或不定式或分词短语;介词短语作为插入语放在句中时，常常用逗号将其与其他成分区分开来。 【词汇知识】<span word="induction">induction</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="deduction">deduction</span>归纳法和演绎法 <span word="extract">extract</span>... <span word="from">from</span>从中提取 <span word="build">build</span> <span word="up">up</span>逐步建立，逐步形成;发展，增大;加强;增强;增进 【参考译文】你们都多次听说过，科学家是用归纳法和演绎法工作的，而且从某种意义上来 说，他们依靠这种方法力求从自然界归纳出某些自然规律，然后根据这些规律， 用自己的某种非同一般的本领，建立起他们的理论。 18. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="ripe">ripe</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Department">Department</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Employment">Employment</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Department">Department</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Education">Education</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="together">together</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="universities">universities</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="revised">revised</span> <span word="educational">educational</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wealth">wealth</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="talent">talent</span>, <span word="application">application</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="currently">currently</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="wasted">wasted</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="certificates">certificates</span>, <span word="diplomas">diplomas</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="degrees">degrees</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="wants">wants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="about">about</span>. 【结构分析】<span word="It">It</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="that">that</span>是系表结构，<span word="that">that</span>实际上引导一个宾语从句。其中<span word="which">which</span>引 导定语从句修饰<span word="system">system</span>; <span word="being">being</span>为分词短语做定语修饰<span word="wealth">wealth</span>;最后一个<span word="that">that</span>引导定语从句修饰前面的三个名词。 【语法难点】句型<span word="It">It</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="that">that</span> = <span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span>;现在分词短语做后置定语。 【词汇知识】<span word="application">application</span>申请;应用，运用;勤奋刻苦<span word="economic">economic</span>经济的;经济学的;可赚钱的;有利润的;节约的;合理的 <span word="revise">revise</span> <span word="vt">vt</span>.校阅;校订;修正;改变;温习;重温 【参考译文】我认为时机已成熟。就业部门和教育部门应同大学携起手来，修正我们的教育 制度，使之能比较合理地使用学生的才能、勤奋和刻苦。而现在他们这些才能和努力都浪费在无人感兴趣的证书、文凭和学位上。 19. <span word="Science">Science</span> <span word="moves">moves</span> <span word="forward">forward</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="say">say</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="insights">insights</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="genius">genius</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="ordinary">ordinary</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="improved">improved</span> <span word="techniques">techniques</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="tools">tools</span>. 【结构分析】本句属于比较结构，含有一个比较结构<span word="not">not</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="much">much</span>...<span word="as">as</span> 与其说不如说。 <span word="they">they</span> <span word="say">say</span> 为插入语。<span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="insights">insights</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="genius">genius</span> 和 <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="ordinary">ordinary</span> <span word="things">things</span> 为两个状语。<span word="like">like</span> <span word="improved">improved</span> <span word="techniques">techniques</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="tools">tools</span> 为介词短语做定语，修饰<span word="things">things</span>. 【语法难点】插入语;比较结构<span word="not">not</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="much">much</span>...<span word="as">as</span> 与其说不如说。 【词汇知识】<span word="insight">insight</span> <span word="n">n</span>.洞察力;见识;洞察 <span word="genius">genius</span> <span word="n">n</span>.天才;天赋;才华;天才人物 <span word="technique">technique</span> <span word="n">n</span>.方法;技术;技巧;技艺 [比较]<span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="n">n</span>.工艺，科技，技术 【参考译文】他们说，科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西。 20. <span word="Arguing">Arguing</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="view">view</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="humans">humans</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="relevant">relevant</span> <span word="respect">respect</span>,<span word="extremists">extremists</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="lie">lie</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="area">area</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="moral">moral</span> <span word="choice">choice</span>. 【结构分析】现在分词短语<span word="Arguing">Arguing</span>...做原因状语，里面又有一个<span word="that">that</span>从句做<span word="the">the</span> <span word="view">view</span>的同位语，逗号后面的<span word="that">that</span>从句是一个宾语从句。 【语法难点】分词独立结构做状语;同位语从句;宾语从句。 【词汇知识】<span word="relevant">relevant</span> <span word="a">a</span>.有关的，相应的 <span word="extremist">extremist</span> <span word="n">n</span>.极端主义者，过激分子;极端主义 【参考译文】这类人持极端看法，认为人与动物在各相关方面都不相同，对待动物无须考虑 道德问题。</p>
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