2015考研英语阅读理解练习题五
<p> 2015考研复习已处于强化阶段，阅读理解是考研英语中分值最高的部分，好记性不如烂笔头，多做练习题，在做题过程中记忆、熟悉句型，理解长难句，一举多得，希望大家认真复习，注意做题时间。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="confidence">confidence</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="decade">decade</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="vast">vast</span> <span word="detail">detail</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="arise">arise</span>, <span word="says">says</span> <span word="microbiologist">microbiologist</span> <span word="Robert">Robert</span> <span word="Weinberg">Weinberg</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="expert">expert</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span>. <span word="But">But</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="cautions">cautions</span>, <span word="some">some</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="understands">understands</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="causes">causes</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cure">cure</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="rapidly">rapidly</span> <span word="follow">follow</span>. <span word="Consider">Consider</span> <span word="Pasteur">Pasteur</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="discovered">discovered</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="causes">causes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="infections">infections</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="fifty">fifty</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="sixty">sixty</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="cures">cures</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="available">available</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="year">year</span>, 50 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> 910,000 <span word="people">people</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="suffer">suffer</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="survive">survive</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="years">years</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="year">year</span> 2000, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="National">National</span> <span word="Cancer">Cancer</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span> <span word="estimates">estimates</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="figure">figure</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> 75 <span word="percent">percent</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="skin">skin</span> <span word="cancers">cancers</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="five">five</span>-<span word="year">year</span> <span word="survival">survival</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="as">as</span> 90 <span word="percent">percent</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="survival">survival</span> <span word="statistics">statistics</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="discouraging">discouraging</span> -- 13 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="lung">lung</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span>, <span word="and">and</span> 2 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pancreas">pancreas</span>. <span word="With">With</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="as">as</span> 120 <span word="varieties">varieties</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="existence">existence</span>, <span word="discovering">discovering</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="easy">easy</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="progress">progress</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="early">early</span> 1970<span word="s">s</span>, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="discovered">discovered</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="oncogenes">oncogenes</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span>-<span word="causing">causing</span> <span word="genes">genes</span>, <span word="are">are</span> <span word="inactive">inactive</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="normal">normal</span> <span word="cells">cells</span>. <span word="Anything">Anything</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="cosmic">cosmic</span> <span word="rays">rays</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="radiation">radiation</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="diet">diet</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="activate">activate</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dormant">dormant</span> <span word="oncogene">oncogene</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="unknown">unknown</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="oncogenes">oncogenes</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="driven">driven</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="action">action</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cell">cell</span>, <span word="unable">unable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="off">off</span>, <span word="becomes">becomes</span> <span word="cancerous">cancerous</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="exact">exact</span> <span word="mechanisms">mechanisms</span> <span word="involved">involved</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="mysterious">mysterious</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="likelihood">likelihood</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="cancers">cancers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="initiated">initiated</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="level">level</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="genes">genes</span> <span word="suggests">suggests</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="prevent">prevent</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="cancers">cancers</span>. <span word="Changes">Changes</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="normal">normal</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="evolutionary">evolutionary</span> <span word="process">process</span>, <span word="says">says</span> <span word="oncologist">oncologist</span> <span word="William">William</span> <span word="Hayward">Hayward</span>. <span word="Environmental">Environmental</span> <span word="factors">factors</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="totally">totally</span> <span word="eliminated">eliminated</span>; <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Hayward">Hayward</span> <span word="points">points</span> <span word="out">out</span>, <span word="We">We</span> <span word="cant">cant</span> <span word="prepare">prepare</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="medicine">medicine</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="cosmic">cosmic</span> <span word="rays">rays</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="prospects">prospects</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="cure">cure</span>, <span word="though">though</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="distant">distant</span>, <span word="are">are</span> <span word="brighter">brighter</span>. <span word="First">First</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="normal">normal</span> <span word="cell">cell</span> <span word="controls">controls</span> <span word="itself">itself</span>. <span word="Second">Second</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="determine">determine</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="limited">limited</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="genes">genes</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trouble">trouble</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="works">works</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="counteract">counteract</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="action">action</span>. 习题 1.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Pasteur">Pasteur</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="passage">passage</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> ________. [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="predict">predict</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="secret">secret</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="disclosed">disclosed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="decade">decade</span> [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="indicate">indicate</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="prospects">prospects</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="curing">curing</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="bright">bright</span> [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="prove">prove</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="cured">cured</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="fifty">fifty</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sixty">sixty</span> <span word="years">years</span> [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="warn">warn</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="conquered">conquered</span> 2. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="implies">implies</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="year">year</span> 2000, ________. [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="there">there</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="drastic">drastic</span> <span word="rise">rise</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="five">five</span>-<span word="year">year</span> <span word="survival">survival</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="skin">skin</span>-<span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="patients">patients</span> [<span word="B">B</span>] 90 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="skin">skin</span>-<span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="patients">patients</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="living">living</span> [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="the">the</span> <span word="survival">survival</span> <span word="statistics">statistics</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="fairly">fairly</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="patients">patients</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="various">various</span> <span word="cancers">cancers</span> [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="there">there</span> <span word="won">won</span> <span word="t">t</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="drastic">drastic</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="survival">survival</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="patients">patients</span> 3. <span word="Oncogenes">Oncogenes</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span>-<span word="causing">causing</span> <span word="genes">genes</span> ________. [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="operation">operation</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="healthy">healthy</span> <span word="person">person</span> [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="which">which</span> <span word="remain">remain</span> <span word="unharmful">unharmful</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="activated">activated</span> [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="that">that</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="driven">driven</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="normal">normal</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="which">which</span> <span word="normal">normal</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="cant">cant</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="off">off</span> 4. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="word">word</span> <span word="dormant">dormant</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="third">third</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="means">means</span> ________. [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="dead">dead</span> [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="ever">ever</span>-<span word="present">present</span> [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="inactive">inactive</span> [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="potential">potential</span></p>
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