2015考研英语阅读理解强化练习及解析17
<p> 2015理解强化练习及解析（17） <span word="Since">Since</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dawn">dawn</span> <span word="ofhuman">ofhuman</span> <span word="ingenuity">ingenuity</span>, <span word="people">people</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="devised">devised</span> <span word="ever">ever</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="cunning">cunning</span> <span word="tools">tools</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="cope">cope</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="workthat">workthat</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="dangerous">dangerous</span>, <span word="boring">boring</span>, <span word="burdensome">burdensome</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="plain">plain</span> <span word="nasty">nasty</span>. <span word="That">That</span> <span word="compulsion">compulsion</span> <span word="hasresulted">hasresulted</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="roboticsthe">roboticsthe</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="conferring">conferring</span> <span word="various">various</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="capabilities">capabilities</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="machines">machines</span>.<span word="And">And</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mechanical">mechanical</span> <span word="version">version</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="fiction">fiction</span>,<span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="begun">begun</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="close">close</span>。 <span word="As">As</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="result">result</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="populated">populated</span> <span word="byintelligent">byintelligent</span> <span word="gizmos">gizmos</span> <span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="presence">presence</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="barely">barely</span> <span word="notice">notice</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="universalexistence">universalexistence</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="removed">removed</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="labor">labor</span>. <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="factories">factories</span> <span word="hum">hum</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rhythm">rhythm</span> <span word="ofrobot">ofrobot</span> <span word="assembly">assembly</span> <span word="arms">arms</span>. <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="banking">banking</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="automated">automated</span> <span word="teller">teller</span> <span word="terminals">terminals</span> <span word="thatthank">thatthank</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="mechanical">mechanical</span> <span word="politeness">politeness</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="transaction">transaction</span>. <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="subway">subway</span> <span word="trains">trains</span> <span word="arecontrolled">arecontrolled</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="tireless">tireless</span> <span word="robot">robot</span>-<span word="drivers">drivers</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="thanks">thanks</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="continualminiaturization">continualminiaturization</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="electronics">electronics</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="micro">micro</span>-<span word="mechanics">mechanics</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="already">already</span> <span word="robotsystems">robotsystems</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="perform">perform</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="bone">bone</span> <span word="surgery">surgery</span> <span word="withsubmillimeter">withsubmillimeter</span> <span word="accuracyfar">accuracyfar</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="precision">precision</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="highly">highly</span> <span word="skilled">skilled</span> <span word="physicians">physicians</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="achievewith">achievewith</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="hands">hands</span> <span word="alone">alone</span>。 <span word="But">But</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="robots">robots</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reach">reach</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="stage">stage</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="laborsaving">laborsaving</span> <span word="utility">utility</span>,<span word="they">they</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="operate">operate</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="supervision">supervision</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="atleast">atleast</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="decisions">decisions</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="themselvesgoals">themselvesgoals</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="pose">pose</span> <span word="areal">areal</span> <span word="challenge">challenge</span>. <span word="While">While</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="robot">robot</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="handle">handle</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="specific">specific</span> <span word="error">error</span>, <span word="says">says</span> <span word="DaveLavery">DaveLavery</span>, <span word="manager">manager</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="robotics">robotics</span> <span word="program">program</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="NASA">NASA</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="t">t</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="arobot">arobot</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="sense">sense</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reliably">reliably</span> <span word="interact">interact</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dynamic">dynamic</span> <span word="world">world</span>。 <span word="Indeed">Indeed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="quest">quest</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="artificial">artificial</span> <span word="intelligence">intelligence</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="produced">produced</span> <span word="verymixed">verymixed</span> <span word="results">results</span>. <span word="Despite">Despite</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="spell">spell</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="initial">initial</span> <span word="optimism">optimism</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1960<span word="s">s</span> <span word="and">and</span> 1970<span word="s">s</span> <span word="whenit">whenit</span> <span word="appeared">appeared</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="transistor">transistor</span> <span word="circuits">circuits</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="microprocessors">microprocessors</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="copythe">copythe</span> <span word="action">action</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="year">year</span> 2010, <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="lately">lately</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="begunto">begunto</span> <span word="extend">extend</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="forecast">forecast</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="decades">decades</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="centuries">centuries</span>。 <span word="What">What</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="found">found</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="attempting">attempting</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="model">model</span> <span word="thought">thought</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="humanbrain">humanbrain</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="roughly">roughly</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="nerve">nerve</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="talentedand">talentedand</span> <span word="humanperception">humanperception</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="complicatedthan">complicatedthan</span> <span word="previously">previously</span> <span word="imagined">imagined</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="built">built</span> <span word="robots">robots</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="recognizethe">recognizethe</span> <span word="error">error</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="panel">panel</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fraction">fraction</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="millimeter">millimeter</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="controlledfactory">controlledfactory</span> <span word="environment">environment</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="glimpse">glimpse</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rapidly">rapidly</span> <span word="changing">changing</span> <span word="sceneand">sceneand</span> <span word="immediately">immediately</span> <span word="disregard">disregard</span> <span word="the">the</span> 98 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="irrelevant">irrelevant</span>, <span word="instantaneouslyfocusing">instantaneouslyfocusing</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="monkey">monkey</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="side">side</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="winding">winding</span> <span word="forest">forest</span> <span word="road">road</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="singlesuspicious">singlesuspicious</span> <span word="face">face</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="crowd">crowd</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="advanced">advanced</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="systems">systems</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Earthcan">Earthcan</span> <span word="t">t</span> <span word="approach">approach</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ability">ability</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="neuroscientists">neuroscientists</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="don">don</span> <span word="t">t</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="quitehow">quitehow</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="it">it</span>。 26. <span word="Human">Human</span> <span word="ingenuity">ingenuity</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="initially">initially</span> <span word="demonstrated">demonstrated</span> <span word="in">in</span> [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="machines">machines</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="fiction">fiction</span>。 [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="wide">wide</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="machines">machines</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="manufacturing">manufacturing</span> <span word="industry">industry</span>。 [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="invention">invention</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="tools">tools</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dangerous">dangerous</span> <span word="work">work</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="elite">elite</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="cunning">cunning</span> <span word="tackling">tackling</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="dangerous">dangerous</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="boring">boring</span> <span word="work">work</span>. 27. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="word">word</span> <span word="gizmos">gizmos</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="means">means</span> [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="programs">programs</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="experts">experts</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="devices">devices</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="creatures">creatures</span>。 28. <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="text">text</span>, <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="beyond">beyond</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="todesign">todesign</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="robot">robot</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="can">can</span> [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="fulfill">fulfill</span> <span word="delicate">delicate</span> <span word="tasks">tasks</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="performing">performing</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="surgery">surgery</span>。 [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="interact">interact</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="beings">beings</span> <span word="verbally">verbally</span>。 [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="sense">sense</span>。 [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="respond">respond</span> <span word="independently">independently</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="changing">changing</span> <span word="world">world</span>。 29. <span word="Besides">Besides</span> <span word="reducing">reducing</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="labor">labor</span>, <span word="robots">robots</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="also">also</span> [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="make">make</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="decisions">decisions</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span>。 [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="errors">errors</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="intervention">intervention</span>。 [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="improve">improve</span> <span word="factory">factory</span> <span word="environments">environments</span>。 [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="cultivate">cultivate</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="creativity">creativity</span>。 30. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="uses">uses</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="monkey">monkey</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="argue">argue</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="robotsare">robotsare</span> [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="expected">expected</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="copy">copy</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="internal">internal</span> <span word="structure">structure</span>。 [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="perceive">perceive</span> <span word="abnormalities">abnormalities</span> <span word="immediately">immediately</span>。 [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="far">far</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="focusing">focusing</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="relevantinformation">relevantinformation</span>。 [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="best">best</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="controlled">controlled</span> <span word="environment">environment</span>。</p>
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