考研英语真题材料100篇连载73
<p> <span word="Tattoos">Tattoos</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="workplace">workplace</span> 纹身与工作 <span word="Ink">Ink</span> <span word="blots">blots</span> 污点般的纹身 <span word="Body">Body</span> <span word="art">art</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="popular">popular</span>, <span word="though">though</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="employers">employers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="keen">keen</span> 人体艺术越来越流行，尽管很少有招聘方喜欢 <span word="IN">IN</span> <span word="THE">THE</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="Star">Star</span> <span word="tattoo">tattoo</span> <span word="parlour">parlour</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="downtown">downtown</span> <span word="Manhattan">Manhattan</span>, <span word="Brittany">Brittany</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="ink">ink</span>: <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Banksy">Banksy</span>-<span word="inspired">inspired</span> <span word="tableau">tableau</span> <span word="covering">covering</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="feet">feet</span>. <span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="student">student</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span> <span word="University">University</span>, <span word="she">she</span> <span word="hopes">hopes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lawyer">lawyer</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="day">day</span>. <span word="That">That</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tattoo">tattoo</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="feet">feet</span>, <span word="she">she</span> <span word="says">says</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="easy">easy</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="hide">hide</span>. 在位于曼哈顿市区的北极星纹身店，<span word="Brittany">Brittany</span>炫耀她双脚上以<span word="Banksy">Banksy</span>为灵感创作的纹身。她现为纽约大学的一名学生，她希望有朝一日成为一名律师。她说：这就是为什么我把纹身纹在脚上，因为这样比较容易隐藏。 <span word="Once">Once</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="preserve">preserve</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="prisoners">prisoners</span>, <span word="sailors">sailors</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="circus">circus</span> <span word="freaks">freaks</span>, <span word="tattoos">tattoos</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="benign">benign</span> <span word="rite">rite</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="passage">passage</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span>. <span word="One">One</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="adults">adults</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="one">one</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="thirty">thirty</span>-<span word="somethings">somethings</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="tattoos">tattoos</span> <span word="outnumber">outnumber</span> <span word="men">men</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="happens">happens</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="work">work</span>? <span word="Alas">Alas</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="everyone">everyone</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="savvy">savvy</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Brittany">Brittany</span>. 曾经是囚犯、水手和马戏团小丑专属的纹身，现如今已经变成许多美国人通过的良性仪式。每五个成年人就有一个人有纹身，三十多岁的年轻中则是每五人中有两个。女性纹身的人数已超过了男性。但这些人找工作的时候会怎么样?恩不是每个人都像<span word="Brittany">Brittany</span>一样精明的。 <span word="Though">Though</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="mainstream">mainstream</span>, <span word="tattoos">tattoos</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="signal">signal</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="rebelliousness">rebelliousness</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="jobseekers">jobseekers</span>, <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Andrew">Andrew</span> <span word="Timming">Timming</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="St">St</span> <span word="Andrews">Andrews</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Scotland">Scotland</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="forthcoming">forthcoming</span> <span word="study">study</span>, <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Timming">Timming</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="colleagues">colleagues</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="participants">participants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="assess">assess</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="candidates">candidates</span> <span word="based">based</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="pictures">pictures</span>, <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="altered">altered</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="add">add</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="neck">neck</span> <span word="tattoo">tattoo</span>. <span word="Inked">Inked</span> <span word="candidates">candidates</span> <span word="consistently">consistently</span> <span word="ranked">ranked</span> <span word="lower">lower</span>, <span word="despite">despite</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="equally">equally</span> <span word="qualified">qualified</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="separate">separate</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Timming">Timming</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="service">service</span>-<span word="sector">sector</span> <span word="managers">managers</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="squeamish">squeamish</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="conspicuous">conspicuous</span> <span word="ink">ink</span>, <span word="particularly">particularly</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="filling">filling</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="involve">involve</span> <span word="dealing">dealing</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="customers">customers</span>. 圣安德鲁大学的<span word="Timming">Timming</span>说，尽管纹身越来越主流，但仍旧是叛逆的标志，是求职者的敌人。在一项即将发表的研究中，<span word="Timming">Timming</span>和他的同事要求参与者根据照片评估应聘者，其中一些照片上在脖子的位置添加了纹身。尽管自身条件相同，但有纹身的应聘者一直排名较低。在另一项研究中，<span word="Timming">Timming</span>发现，许多服务部门管理者对明显的纹身接受不能，特别是在招聘需要与客户打交道的职位时尤甚。 <span word="Designs">Designs</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="flowers">flowers</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="butterflies">butterflies</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="deemed">deemed</span> <span word="comparatively">comparatively</span> <span word="acceptable">acceptable</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="workplaces">workplaces</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="open">open</span>-<span word="minded">minded</span>: <span word="a">a</span> <span word="prison">prison</span>-<span word="services">services</span> <span word="manager">manager</span> <span word="explained">explained</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="tattoos">tattoos</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="easier">easier</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bond">bond</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="inmates">inmates</span>. <span word="Firms">Firms</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="younger">younger</span> <span word="clientele">clientele</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="tattoo">tattoo</span>-<span word="friendly">friendly</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="visible">visible</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tattoo">tattoo</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="unsavoury">unsavoury</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="candidate">candidate</span> <span word="seemedeven">seemedeven</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="boss">boss</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="one">one</span>. 相对来说，花或者蝴蝶的纹身设计是可以接受的。一些工作场所更加开放，监狱管理者解释说，他的纹身使他更容易与囚犯建立联系。面向年轻顾客的公司对纹身接受度也更高。即使老板自己有纹身，但总体而言，纹身越明显，应聘者越是不讨喜。 <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="prejudice">prejudice</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="anachronistic">anachronistic</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="unfounded">unfounded</span>. <span word="Empirical">Empirical</span> <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="linked">linked</span> <span word="tattoos">tattoos</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="deviant">deviant</span> <span word="behaviour">behaviour</span>. <span word="People">People</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="inked">inked</span> <span word="skin">skin</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="weapons">weapons</span>, <span word="use">use</span> <span word="illegal">illegal</span> <span word="drugs">drugs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="arrested">arrested</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="association">association</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="stronger">stronger</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="bigger">bigger</span> <span word="tattoos">tattoos</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="several">several</span>, <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Jerome">Jerome</span> <span word="Koch">Koch</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sociologist">sociologist</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Texas">Texas</span> <span word="Tech">Tech</span> <span word="University">University</span>. 这种偏见似乎有些落伍，但并非没有根据。实证研究长期将纹身与异常行为联系在一起。有纹身的人更有可能携带枪支，使用非法药物，或者被逮捕。德州理工大学一名为<span word="Jerome">Jerome</span> <span word="Koch">Koch</span>的社会学家表示，纹身越大或者有好几个时，这种联系越强。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="army">army</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="decision">decision</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reinstate">reinstate</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="grooming">grooming</span> <span word="standards">standards</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="restrict">restrict</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="size">size</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="tattoos">tattoos</span>, <span word="ban">ban</span> <span word="ink">ink</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="neck">neck</span>, <span word="head">head</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="hands">hands</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="bar">bar</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="art">art</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="racist">racist</span>, <span word="sexist">sexist</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="otherwise">otherwise</span> <span word="inappropriate">inappropriate</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="intended">intended</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="promote">promote</span> <span word="discipline">discipline</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="professionalism">professionalism</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="harder">harder</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="recruit">recruit</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="army">army</span>, <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Major">Major</span> <span word="Tyler">Tyler</span> <span word="Stewart">Stewart</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="handles">handles</span> <span word="recruitment">recruitment</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Arizona">Arizona</span>. <span word="His">His</span> <span word="battalion">battalion</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="turning">turning</span> <span word="away">away</span> 50 <span word="tattooed">tattooed</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="week">week</span>. 这有助于解释近来军队恢复旧仪容标准的决定。标准限制了纹身的大小和数量，禁止脖子、头和手上的纹身，以及可能被视为种族歧视、性别歧视或其他不好方面的人体艺术。标准的改变旨在加强纪律和职业精神。负责亚利桑那州招兵工作的<span word="Major">Major</span> <span word="Tyler">Tyler</span> <span word="Stewart">Stewart</span>表示，新标准这使得招兵更难了。他所在的营一周里清退了50名有纹身的士兵。 <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="aspiring">aspiring</span> <span word="soldiers">soldiers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="jobseekers">jobseekers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="solving">solving</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="ink">ink</span> <span word="removed">removed</span>. <span word="Tattoo">Tattoo</span>-<span word="removal">removal</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="surged">surged</span> 440% <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="decade">decade</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="IBISWorld">IBISWorld</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="market">market</span>-<span word="research">research</span> <span word="firm">firm</span>. <span word="At">At</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="Star">Star</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="Brittany">Brittany</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="friend">friend</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="question">question</span>-<span word="mark">mark</span> <span word="inked">inked</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="wrist">wrist</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="prospect">prospect</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="buyer">buyer</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="remorse">remorse</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="remote">remote</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span> <span word="t">t</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="prospects">prospects</span>, <span word="observes">observes</span> <span word="Brittany">Brittany</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="hopefully">hopefully</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="won">won</span> <span word="t">t</span> <span word="hurt">hurt</span>, <span word="either">either</span>. 一些有抱负的士兵和求职者通过洗掉纹身来解决问题。根据一名为<span word="IBISWorld">IBISWorld</span>的市场调研公司的调查显示，在过去十年中，洗纹身服务增长了440%。在北极星，<span word="Brittany">Brittany</span>的朋友正在它手腕上纹问题标记，对纹身的后悔似乎离她还很遥远。<span word="Brittany">Brittany</span>观察着说，我认为纹身不会对她的工作产生帮助，但希望纹身也不会毁掉她的工作。</p>
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