2015考研英语模拟试题阅读理解六
<p> 参考译文</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="fossil">fossil</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="flying">flying</span> <span word="vertebrates">vertebrates</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pterosaurs">pterosaurs</span>, <span word="have">have</span> <span word="intrigued">intrigued</span> <span word="paleontologists">paleontologists</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="centuries">centuries</span>. <span word="How">How</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="creatures">creatures</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="weighed">weighed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="cases">cases</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="piloted">piloted</span> <span word="hang">hang</span>-<span word="glider">glider</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="wingspans">wingspans</span> <span word="from">from</span> 8 <span word="to">to</span> 12 <span word="meters">meters</span>, <span word="solved">solved</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="powered">powered</span> <span word="flight">flight</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="exactly">exactly</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="creatures">creatures</span> <span word="were">were</span><span word="reptiles">reptiles</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="birds">birds</span><span word="are">are</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="questions">questions</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="puzzled">puzzled</span> <span word="over">over</span>.</p><p> <span word="Perhaps">Perhaps</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="controversial">controversial</span> <span word="assertion">assertion</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pterosaurs">pterosaurs</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="reptiles">reptiles</span>. <span word="Their">Their</span> <span word="skulls">skulls</span>, <span word="pelvises">pelvises</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="hind">hind</span> <span word="feet">feet</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="reptilian">reptilian</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="anatomy">anatomy</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="wings">wings</span> <span word="suggests">suggests</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="evolve">evolve</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="class">class</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="birds">birds</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="pterosaurs">pterosaurs</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="greatly">greatly</span> <span word="elongated">elongated</span> <span word="fourth">fourth</span> <span word="finger">finger</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="forelimb">forelimb</span> <span word="supported">supported</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="winglike">winglike</span> <span word="membrane">membrane</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="fingers">fingers</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="short">short</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="reptilian">reptilian</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="sharpclaws">sharpclaws</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="birds">birds</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="finger">finger</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="principal">principal</span> <span word="strut">strut</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wing">wing</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="consists">consists</span> <span word="primarily">primarily</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="feathers">feathers</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pterosaurs">pterosaurs</span> <span word="walked">walked</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="fours">fours</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="short">short</span> <span word="fingers">fingers</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="employed">employed</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="grasping">grasping</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pterosaur">pterosaur</span> <span word="walked">walked</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="remained">remained</span> <span word="stationary">stationary</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fourth">fourth</span> <span word="finger">finger</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wing">wing</span>, <span word="could">could</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="upward">upward</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="extended">extended</span> <span word="inverted">inverted</span> <span word="V">V</span> <span word="shape">shape</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="side">side</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="body">body</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="pterosaurs">pterosaurs</span> <span word="resembled">resembled</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="birds">birds</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="bats">bats</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="overall">overall</span> <span word="structure">structure</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="proportions">proportions</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="surprising">surprising</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="design">design</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="flying">flying</span> <span word="vertebrate">vertebrate</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="subject">subject</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="aerodynamic">aerodynamic</span> <span word="constraints">constraints</span>. <span word="Both">Both</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pterosaurs">pterosaurs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="birds">birds</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="hollow">hollow</span> <span word="bones">bones</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="feature">feature</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="represents">represents</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="savings">savings</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="weight">weight</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="birds">birds</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="these">these</span> <span word="bones">bones</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="reinforced">reinforced</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="massively">massively</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="internal">internal</span> <span word="struts">struts</span>.</p>
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