考研英语报刊文章阅读及剖析十六
<p> 考研英语报刊文章阅读及剖析(16)</p><p> <span word="Computerised">Computerised</span> <span word="trading">trading</span> <span word="agents">agents</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="humans">humans</span> <span word="build">build</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="markets">markets</span></p><p> <span word="THANKS">THANKS</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="slumping">slumping</span> <span word="markets">markets</span>, <span word="investment">investment</span> <span word="banks">banks</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="shedding">shedding</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="highly">highly</span>-<span word="paid">paid</span> <span word="traders">traders</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="markets">markets</span> <span word="recover">recover</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="banks">banks</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="tempted">tempted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="replace">replace</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="cheaper">cheaper</span> <span word="talent">talent</span>. <span word="One">One</span> <span word="alternative">alternative</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="catch">catch</span> <span word="on">on</span>: <span word="autonomous">autonomous</span> <span word="trading">trading</span> <span word="agents">agents</span>-<span word="computers">computers</span> <span word="programmed">programmed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="act">act</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="version">version</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="pesky">pesky</span> <span word="costs">costs</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="holidays">holidays</span>, <span word="lunch">lunch</span> <span word="breaks">breaks</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="bonuses">bonuses</span>. <span word="Program">Program</span> <span word="trading">trading</span> <span word="has">has</span>, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="course">course</span>, <span word="been">been</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="before">before</span>; <span word="some">some</span> <span word="blamed">blamed</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1987 <span word="stockmarket">stockmarket</span> <span word="crash">crash</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="computers">computers</span> <span word="instructed">instructed</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="simple">simple</span> <span word="decision">decision</span>-<span word="making">making</span> <span word="rules">rules</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="robots">robots</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="smarter">smarter</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="that">that</span>.</p><p> <span word="Dave">Dave</span> <span word="Cliff">Cliff</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="researcher">researcher</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Hewlett">Hewlett</span>-<span word="Packard">Packard</span> <span word="Laboratories">Laboratories</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Bristol">Bristol</span>, <span word="England">England</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="creating">creating</span> <span word="trading">trading</span> <span word="robots">robots</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="seven">seven</span> <span word="years">years</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="simulations">simulations</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="lets">lets</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="evolve">evolve</span> <span word="genetically">genetically</span> , <span word="and">and</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="allows">allows</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="adapt">adapt</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fit">fit</span> <span word="models">models</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="real">real</span>-<span word="world">world</span> <span word="financial">financial</span> <span word="markets">markets</span>. <span word="His">His</span> <span word="experiments">experiments</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="suggested">suggested</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="redesign">redesign</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="markets">markets</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="lead">lead</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="efficiency">efficiency</span>. <span word="Last">Last</span> <span word="year">year</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="IBM">IBM</span> <span word="showed">showed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Cliff">Cliff</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="artificial">artificial</span> <span word="traders">traders</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="consistently">consistently</span> <span word="beat">beat</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="variety">variety</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="various">various</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="market">market</span>. <span word="Nearly">Nearly</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shape">shape</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="auction">auction</span>. <span word="One">One</span> <span word="well">well</span>-<span word="known">known</span> <span word="type">type</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="auction">auction</span>, <span word="familiar">familiar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="patrons">patrons</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="salesrooms">salesrooms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Christie">Christie</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Sotheby">Sotheby</span> <span word="s">s</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="sellers">sellers</span> <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="mum">mum</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="offer">offer</span> <span word="price">price</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="buyers">buyers</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="bids">bids</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="stages">stages</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="remains">remains</span>.</p>
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