2015年考研英语阅读习题演练 (26)
<p> <span word="If">If</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="smoke">smoke</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="dont">dont</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="theres">theres</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="definite">definite</span> <span word="link">link</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="bronchial">bronchial</span> <span word="troubles">troubles</span>， <span word="heart">heart</span> <span word="disease">disease</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="lung">lung</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span>， <span word="then">then</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="certainly">certainly</span> <span word="deceiving">deceiving</span> <span word="yourself">yourself</span>. <span word="No">No</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="accuse">accuse</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="hypocrisy">hypocrisy</span>. <span word="Let">Let</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="suffering">suffering</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="wishful">wishful</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="neednt">neednt</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="uncomfortable">uncomfortable</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="company">company</span>. <span word="Whenever">Whenever</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="subject">subject</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="raised">raised</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="governments">governments</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="hear">hear</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="evil">evil</span>， <span word="see">see</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="evil">evil</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="smell">smell</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="evil">evil</span>. <span word="Admittedly">Admittedly</span>， <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="governments">governments</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="timid">timid</span> <span word="measures">measures</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="Britain">Britain</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="instance">instance</span>， <span word="cigarette">cigarette</span> <span word="advertising">advertising</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="banned">banned</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="television">television</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="conscience">conscience</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="nation">nation</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="appeased">appeased</span>， <span word="while">while</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="continues">continues</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="puff">puff</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="smoky">smoky</span>， <span word="cancerous">cancerous</span> <span word="death">death</span>. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="dont">dont</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="official">official</span> <span word="reactions">reactions</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="medical">medical</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="lukewarm">lukewarm</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="simply">simply</span> <span word="money">money</span>. <span word="Tobacco">Tobacco</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wonderful">wonderful</span> <span word="commodity">commodity</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tax">tax</span>. <span word="Its">Its</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tax">tax</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="daily">daily</span> <span word="bread">bread</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="tax">tax</span> <span word="revenue">revenue</span> <span word="alone">alone</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Britain">Britain</span> <span word="collects">collects</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="smokers">smokers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="entire">entire</span> <span word="educational">educational</span> <span word="facilities">facilities</span>. <span word="So">So</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="authorities">authorities</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="ever">ever</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="discreetly">discreetly</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="may">may</span>， <span word="conceivable">conceivable</span>， <span word="be">be</span> <span word="harmful">harmful</span>， <span word="it">it</span> <span word="doesnt">doesnt</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="shout">shout</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="loudly">loudly</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="surely">surely</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="short">short</span>-<span word="sighted">sighted</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="imagine">imagine</span>. <span word="While">While</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="eagerly">eagerly</span> <span word="collected">collected</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="vast">vast</span> <span word="sums">sums</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>， <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="paid">paid</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="vaster">vaster</span> <span word="sums">sums</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span>. <span word="Enormous">Enormous</span> <span word="amounts">amounts</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="efforts">efforts</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="cure">cure</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="suffering">suffering</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="disease">disease</span>. <span word="Countless">Countless</span> <span word="valuable">valuable</span> <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="lost">lost</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="run">run</span>， <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="doubt">doubt</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="everybody">everybody</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="better">better</span>-<span word="off">off</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="banned">banned</span> <span word="altogether">altogether</span>. <span word="Of">Of</span> <span word="course">course</span>， <span word="we">we</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="ready">ready</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="drastic">drastic</span> <span word="action">action</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="governments">governments</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="honestly">honestly</span> <span word="concerned">concerned</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="welfare">welfare</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="peoples">peoples</span>， <span word="youd">youd</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="theyd">theyd</span> <span word="conduct">conduct</span> <span word="aggressive">aggressive</span> <span word="anti">anti</span>-<span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="campaigns">campaigns</span>. <span word="Far">Far</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="it">it</span>! <span word="The">The</span> <span word="tobacco">tobacco</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="allowed">allowed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="spend">spend</span> <span word="staggering">staggering</span> <span word="sums">sums</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="advertising">advertising</span>. <span word="Its">Its</span> <span word="advertising">advertising</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="insidious">insidious</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="dishonest">dishonest</span>. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="pictures">pictures</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="real">real</span> <span word="smokers">smokers</span> <span word="coughing">coughing</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="lungs">lungs</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="morning">morning</span>. <span word="That">That</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="do">do</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="advertisement">advertisement</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="depict">depict</span> <span word="virile">virile</span>， <span word="clean">clean</span>-<span word="shaven">shaven</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="men">men</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="manly">manly</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="smoke">smoke</span>， <span word="even">even</span> <span word="positively">positively</span> <span word="healthy">healthy</span>! <span word="Smoking">Smoking</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="associated">associated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="open">open</span>-<span word="air">air</span> <span word="life">life</span>， <span word="with">with</span> <span word="beautiful">beautiful</span> <span word="girls">girls</span>， <span word="true">true</span> <span word="love">love</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="togetherness">togetherness</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="utter">utter</span> <span word="nonsense">nonsense</span>! <span word="For">For</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="start">start</span>， <span word="governments">governments</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="banning">banning</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="cigarette">cigarette</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="tobacco">tobacco</span> <span word="advertising">advertising</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="conduct">conduct</span> <span word="anti">anti</span>-<span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="advertising">advertising</span> <span word="campaigns">campaigns</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span>. <span word="Smoking">Smoking</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="banned">banned</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="places">places</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="theatres">theatres</span>， <span word="cinemas">cinemas</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="restaurants">restaurants</span>. <span word="Great">Great</span> <span word="efforts">efforts</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="inform">inform</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="especially">especially</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dire">dire</span> <span word="consequences">consequences</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="habit">habit</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="horrific">horrific</span> <span word="warning">warning</span><span word="say">say</span>， <span word="a">a</span> <span word="picture">picture</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="deaths">deaths</span> <span word="head">head</span><span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="included">included</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="packet">packet</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cigarettes">cigarettes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="sold">sold</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="individuals">individuals</span>， <span word="we">we</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="certainly">certainly</span> <span word="weak">weak</span>， <span word="but">but</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="governments">governments</span> <span word="acted">acted</span> <span word="honestly">honestly</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="courageously">courageously</span>， <span word="they">they</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="protect">protect</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="ourselves">ourselves</span>. 1.<span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="governments">governments</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="timid">timid</span> <span word="measures">measures</span> <span word="toward">toward</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="because">because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="afraid">afraid</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="people">people</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="diseases">diseases</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="afraid">afraid</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cutting">cutting</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="revenue">revenue</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="afraid">afraid</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="manufacturers">manufacturers</span>. 2.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="tone">tone</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="passage">passage</span> <span word="is">is</span> [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="critical">critical</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="ironical">ironical</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="distaste">distaste</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="amusing">amusing</span>. 3.<span word="What">What</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sentence">sentence</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="company">company</span> <span word="mean">mean</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="backed">backed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="government">government</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="You">You</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="alone">alone</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="You">You</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="colleagues">colleagues</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="Governments">Governments</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="blind">blind</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="evils">evils</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="too">too</span>. 4.<span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="title">title</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="passage">passage</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="World">World</span> <span word="Governments">Governments</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="conduct">conduct</span> <span word="serious">serious</span> <span word="campaigns">campaigns</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="World">World</span> <span word="governments">governments</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="timid">timid</span> <span word="measures">measures</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="source">source</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="income">income</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="countries">countries</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="tobacco">tobacco</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="spends">spends</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="sum">sum</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="medical">medical</span> <span word="research">research</span>. <span word="Vocabulary">Vocabulary</span> 1.<span word="a">a</span> <span word="wishful">wishful</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span> 根据愿望的想法，不顾事实的想法 2.<span word="puff">puff</span> 喷 3.<span word="puff">puff</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> 一路吞云吐雾走向 4.<span word="lukewarm">lukewarm</span> 冷淡/漠然 5.<span word="insidious">insidious</span> 阴险的，狡猾的 6.<span word="virile">virile</span> 年富力强的 写作方法与文章大意 这是一篇要求政府禁烟的论说文，采用因果对比手法。先以讽刺口吻指出政府对禁烟的态度――软弱无力。然后点明软弱的原因――大量税收。再以抽烟大严重后果，机器所花去的钱说明得不偿失。而烟草工业广告泛滥，毒化人们。从而提出政府应从禁止烟广告作起。 答案详解 1.<span word="C">C</span> 因为他们害怕收入减少。答案见第二段。你不用看得很远就能发现为什么官方对医学成果的反应如此冷淡，答案就是钱。烟草是征税的最奇妙的商品，几乎就像日用面包的税收。光烟草税收一项，英国政府就从抽烟人身上征到足以支付整个教育措施的费用。所以在当局那么谨慎地指出吸烟有害时，可以想象，喊叫得太响时不行的。 <span word="A">A</span>.他们害怕人民。<span word="D">D</span>.他们害怕厂商。文中没有。<span word="B">B</span>.疾病花费很大和软弱无力的禁烟措施有关。不是花费大而采取弱政策。 2.<span word="B">B</span> 讽刺语气。特别表现在第一段、第四段。 <span word="A">A</span>.批评语气，整篇文章都在批评，这不是什么语气问题。这里时以讽刺的口吻加以批评政府软弱的禁烟政策。<span word="C">C</span>.厌恶。<span word="D">D</span>.有趣。 3.<span word="D">D</span> 政府对吸烟的恶果也是视而不见。 <span word="A">A</span>.政府支持。太明朗化。<span word="B">B</span>.你不是单独一人。和<span word="C">C</span>.你有好同事，都是似是而非的答案。这可以上下文说明，第一段：假如你吸烟，依然认为吸烟和支气管炎、心脏病、肺癌等毫无关系，那你是自欺欺人。可没有人会说你虚伪。我们可以说你是患有一厢情愿病。这你无需太难受，因为你有好伙伴。每当提出吸烟和健康有关的问题时，大多数国家的政府对其恶果视而不见、听而不闻、嗅而不觉。 4.<span word="A">A</span> 世界各国政府应该开展眼里的禁烟运动。因为前面四段都是现象：⑴政策软弱。如英国政府只在电视上禁止烟草广告以高位人们的良知。另一方面人民继续一路吞云吐雾走到癌症死亡。⑵讲烟草的税收高，所以不严禁。⑶这项政策的后果是疾病花费大于烟草税收。⑷烟草广告泛滥毒害人。唯一解救的办法就是禁烟。最后一段是结论，也是画龙点睛的主题和标题。作为起步，政府可以从禁止烟草广告开始，然后应开展抵制吸烟的广告运动。一切公共场合，如戏院、电影院、返点等应禁止吸烟。应竭尽全力告诫青年，尤其是告诫他们染上恶习的严重后果。在零卖的每包烟盒上应有一令人胆战心惊的警告：例如，一幅骷髅头画像。作为个人，我们力量薄弱，可是如果政府真诚地鼓舞人心的行动起来，他们可以保护我们。 <span word="B">B</span>.世界各国政府采取禁烟政策软弱无力。<span word="C">C</span>.吸烟是许多国家重要收入。这两项是不分具体内容。<span word="D">D</span>.烟草工厂在医疗研究上花了大笔费用。</p>
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