2015年考研英语阅读习题演练 (36)
<p> <span word="Directions">Directions</span>: <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="article">article</span>, <span word="some">some</span> <span word="sentences">sentences</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="removed">removed</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="Questions">Questions</span> 1-5, <span word="choose">choose</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="suitable">suitable</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="list">list</span> <span word="AG">AG</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="fit">fit</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="numbered">numbered</span> <span word="blank">blank</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="extra">extra</span> <span word="choices">choices</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="fit">fit</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gaps">gaps</span>. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="seeing">seeing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="series">series</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="paradoxes">paradoxes</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="millennium">millennium</span>. <span word="On">On</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>, <span word="globalization">globalization</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="frontiers">frontiers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="becoming">becoming</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="meaningless">meaningless</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="swept">swept</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wave">wave</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="parochialism">parochialism</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="clinging">clinging</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="notion">notion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sovereignty">sovereignty</span>.1)<span word="But">But</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="factors">factors</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="position">position</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="meaningless">meaningless</span>. <span word="Governments">Governments</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="complete">complete</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="monetary">monetary</span> <span word="policies">policies</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="multinationals">multinationals</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="profits">profits</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="GDP">GDP</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cold">cold</span> <span word="war">war</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="brought">brought</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="dangers">dangers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="balance">balance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="spawned">spawned</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="conflicts">conflicts</span>. <span word="Governments">Governments</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="prepared">prepared</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="surrender">surrender</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="authority">authority</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="global">global</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="regional">regional</span> <span word="institutions">institutions</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="disorder">disorder</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="tragic">tragic</span> <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="just">just</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="strong">strong</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="organization">organization</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="Nations">Nations</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="starved">starved</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="funds">funds</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="sidelined">sidelined</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="member">member</span> <span word="states">states</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="happened">happened</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="East">East</span> <span word="Timor">Timor</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="unforgivable">unforgivable</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="foreseeable">foreseeable</span>. <span word="Angola">Angola</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="sad">sad</span> <span word="instance">instance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="vacillation">vacillation</span>. 2) <span word="I">I</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="war">war</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="present">present</span>, <span word="although">although</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="worry">worry</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="proliferation">proliferation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nuclear">nuclear</span> <span word="weapons">weapons</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="lethal">lethal</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="arms">arms</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span>. 3) <span word="Another">Another</span> <span word="worry">worry</span> <span word="stems">stems</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="huge">huge</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="imbalances">imbalances</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="richest">richest</span> 20 <span word="per">per</span> <span word="cent">cent</span> <span word="have">have</span> 86 <span word="per">per</span> <span word="cent">cent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="global">global</span> <span word="GDP">GDP</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> 20 <span word="poorest">poorest</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="per">per</span> <span word="cent">cent</span>. <span word="Humanitarian">Humanitarian</span> <span word="aid">aid</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="palliative">palliative</span>. 4)<span word="The">The</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="implications">implications</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="collapse">collapse</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Africa">Africa</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="unthinkable">unthinkable</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="concept">concept</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="security">security</span> <span word="based">based</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="military">military</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="defence">defence</span> <span word="matters">matters</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="concerns">concerns</span> <span word="too">too</span>. 5) <span word="The">The</span> <span word="global">global</span> <span word="pendulum">pendulum</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="swung">swung</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="towards">towards</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="total">total</span> <span word="dependence">dependence</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="market">market</span> <span word="forces">forces</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="finding">finding</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="balance">balance</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="middle">middle</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="extremely">extremely</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="nature">nature</span> <span word="optimistic">optimistic</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="gloomier">gloomier</span> <span word="moments">moments</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="sometimes">sometimes</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="solution">solution</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="invasion">invasion</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="outer">outer</span> <span word="spacethen">spacethen</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="everyone">everyone</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="unite">unite</span>! [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="As">As</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="million">million</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="continue">continue</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="direst">direst</span> <span word="poverty">poverty</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="achieve">achieve</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="stability">stability</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="We">We</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="teethmorally">teethmorally</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="action">action</span>. <span word="Perhaps">Perhaps</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="UN">UN</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="force">force</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="UN">UN</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="nation">nation</span> <span word="states">states</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="decades">decades</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="keen">keen</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="hang">hang</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="independence">independence</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="terrifying">terrifying</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="disseminated">disseminated</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="small">small</span>, <span word="completely">completely</span> <span word="ruthless">ruthless</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="terrorists">terrorists</span>, <span word="drug">drug</span> <span word="traffickers">traffickers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="warlords">warlords</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="imponderable">imponderable</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="nut">nut</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="nuclear">nuclear</span> <span word="explosion">explosion</span>. <span word="Or">Or</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="essentially">essentially</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="conflict">conflict</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="escalate">escalate</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="control">control</span>. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="isolate">isolate</span> <span word="instability">instability</span>: <span word="it">it</span> <span word="gets">gets</span> <span word="exported">exported</span>. [<span word="E">E</span>]<span word="The">The</span> <span word="mainly">mainly</span> <span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="founding">founding</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="Nations">Nations</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="preventing">preventing</span> <span word="aggressions">aggressions</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="wars">wars</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="attribute">attribute</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="success">success</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="Nations">Nations</span> <span word="although">although</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="war">war</span> <span word="broke">broke</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="establishment">establishment</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="Nations">Nations</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="helpless">helpless</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="preventing">preventing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="regional">regional</span> <span word="wars">wars</span> [<span word="F">F</span>]<span word="The">The</span> <span word="notion">notion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sovereignty">sovereignty</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="strong">strong</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="Nations">Nations</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="weaker">weaker</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="weaker">weaker</span>. [<span word="G">G</span>]<span word="Western">Western</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="aid">aid</span> <span word="programmes">programmes</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="charity">charity</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="reasons">reasons</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="self">self</span>-<span word="interest">interest</span>. 答案及详解 1.<span word="C">C</span>。此空白处前面阐述了全球化和地方主义的冲击的矛盾，而后面紧跟着说各国政府无力完全控制其经济政策，这就表明，作者是反对地方保护主义的。但是后面句首用了<span word="but">but</span>作转折词，可见，作者并没有旗帜鲜明的提出反对意见，所以用一个较为缓和的句式会比较适合。因此选<span word="C">C</span>。 2.<span word="B">B</span>。第二段，承接上文，指出在冷战结束的情况下，联合国等国际组织应该发挥更大的作用，但是下文话锋一转，用东帝汉和安哥拉两个例子来表现联合国在国际行动中的软弱无力，再结合上面所提到的我们需要一个强大的国际组织，顺其自然的就得出了希望联合国强劲有力的结论，选项<span word="B">B</span>正好符合了这一意境。 3.<span word="D">D</span>。作者在这一段的前半部分极力渲染了武器扩散的恐怖情形，而从下一段的字里行间我们可以了解到，作者想表达的意思其实就是：诸如战争、毒品、贫穷等不稳定的因素是会扩散和蔓延的，并不是与世隔绝的在全球化的浪潮下，谁也无法独善其身。选项项<span word="D">D</span>在上下文衔接上很自然贴切，是正确选项。 4.<span word="G">G</span>。此处空白是段落中的句子，从上句可知，本段主要讨论在世界经济财富占有悬殊的背景下，人道主义援助的目的和作用，而下句的例子则说明 非洲一旦崩溃，对国际社会的影响之大是无法想象的。从这些我们可以推断出，西方国家所谓的援助，并非出于人道的崇高目的，而是为了维护自己的财富和利益，弄清上下文的逻辑推理关系，就很容易选出正确选项<span word="G">G</span>了。 5.<span word="A">A</span>。三、四、五段在逻辑上是前后呼应的，作者采用花开两朵、各表一支的写作手法，一方面指出武器，毒品是无法隔绝的，另一方面呼吁贫穷也是会蔓延的。战争和贫困就好比罪恶的双生子，不离不弃、如影随行，相应的，第五段和第三段的结尾也应该相互呼应，因此选<span word="A">A</span>是正确的。 中心思想 本文通过阐述近年来联合国在国际事务中差强人意的表现，指出现今世界不安定的因素，即是武器以及贫穷的扩散，而要从根本上解决世界上形色色的问题，一个强有力的国际组织是必要的，如果仅仅依靠市场的力量或单个政府的地方保护主义甚至是人道主义的援助是远远不够的。世界性的问题需要站在世界的角度来解决。</p>
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