2015年考研英语阅读习题演练 (22)
<p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="extraordinary">extraordinary</span> <span word="exposure">exposure</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risks">risks</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="injury">injury</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="death">death</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="motor">motor</span> <span word="vehicle">vehicle</span> <span word="accidents">accidents</span>.<span word="More">More</span> <span word="than">than</span> 80 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="households">households</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="passenger">passenger</span> <span word="cars">cars</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="trucks">trucks</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="driven">driven</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 11，000 <span word="miles">miles</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="year">year</span>.<span word="Almost">Almost</span> <span word="one">one</span>-<span word="half">half</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="fatally">fatally</span> <span word="injured">injured</span> <span word="drivers">drivers</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="blood">blood</span> <span word="alcohol">alcohol</span> <span word="concentration">concentration</span> <span word="of">of</span> 0.1 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="higher">higher</span>.<span word="For">For</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="adult">adult</span>，<span word="over">over</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="ounces">ounces</span> <span word="of">of</span> 80 <span word="proof">proof</span> <span word="spirits">spirits</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="consumed">consumed</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="short">short</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="attain">attain</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="levels">levels</span>.<span word="One">One</span> <span word="third">third</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="drivers">drivers</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="drinking">drinking</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="fewer">fewer</span> <span word="than">than</span> 4 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="drivers">drivers</span>，<span word="demonstrate">demonstrate</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="levels">levels</span>.1)<span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="than">than</span> 1 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="drivers">drivers</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="BACs">BACs</span> <span word="of">of</span> 0.1 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="involved">involved</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="fatal">fatal</span> <span word="crashes">crashes</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="probability">probability</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="involvements">involvements</span> <span word="is">is</span> 27 <span word="times">times</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="alcohol">alcohol</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="blood">blood</span>.<span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="approaches">approaches</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reducing">reducing</span> <span word="injuries">injuries</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="drinking">drinking</span> <span word="plays">plays</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="role">role</span>.<span word="Based">Based</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="observation">observation</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="excessive">excessive</span> <span word="consumption">consumption</span> <span word="correlates">correlates</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="total">total</span> <span word="alcohol">alcohol</span> <span word="consumption">consumption</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="countrys">countrys</span> <span word="population">population</span>，<span word="it">it</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="suggested">suggested</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="taxes">taxes</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="alcohol">alcohol</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="both">both</span>.<span word="While">While</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="heaviest">heaviest</span> <span word="drinkers">drinkers</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="taxed">taxed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span>，<span word="anyone">anyone</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="drinks">drinks</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="punished">punished</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="approach">approach</span>. <span word="To">To</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="drinking">drinking</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="criminal">criminal</span> <span word="offense">offense</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="approach">approach</span> <span word="directed">directed</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="drinking">drinking</span> <span word="drivers">drivers</span>.<span word="In">In</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="states">states</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="law">law</span> <span word="empowers">empowers</span> <span word="police">police</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="request">request</span> <span word="breath">breath</span> <span word="tests">tests</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="drivers">drivers</span> <span word="committing">committing</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="traffic">traffic</span> <span word="offense">offense</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="BAC">BAC</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="basis">basis</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="arrest">arrest</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="National">National</span> <span word="Highway">Highway</span> <span word="Traffic">Traffic</span> <span word="Safety">Safety</span> <span word="Administration">Administration</span> <span word="estimates">estimates</span>，<span word="however">however</span>，<span word="that">that</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="arrests">arrests</span>，<span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="about">about</span> 700 <span word="violations">violations</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="arrest">arrest</span>.<span word="At">At</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="level">level</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="laws">laws</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="effective">effective</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span> <span word="driving">driving</span>.<span word="In">In</span> <span word="Britain">Britain</span>，<span word="motor">motor</span> <span word="vehicle">vehicle</span> <span word="accidents">accidents</span> <span word="fell">fell</span> 25 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="immediately">immediately</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="implementation">implementation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Road">Road</span> <span word="Safety">Safety</span> <span word="Act">Act</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1967. 2) <span word="As">As</span> <span word="Britishers">Britishers</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="recognized">recognized</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="drink">drink</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="stopped">stopped</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="effectiveness">effectiveness</span> <span word="declined">declined</span>，<span word="although">although</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="death">death</span>-<span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="seldom">seldom</span> <span word="reached">reached</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="observed">observed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="seven">seven</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="prior">prior</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Act">Act</span>. <span word="Whether">Whether</span> <span word="penalties">penalties</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="BAC">BAC</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="excessive">excessive</span> <span word="taxation">taxation</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="consumption">consumption</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="alcoholic">alcoholic</span> <span word="drinks">drinks</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="deter">deter</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="excessive">excessive</span> <span word="drinker">drinker</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="accidents">accidents</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="unclear">unclear</span>.<span word="One">One</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="clear">clear</span>，<span word="however">however</span>：<span word="unless">unless</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="automobile">automobile</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="highway">highway</span> <span word="safety">safety</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="accidents">accidents</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="alcoholic">alcoholic</span> <span word="drinking">drinking</span> <span word="plays">plays</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="role">role</span>，<span word="many">many</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="continue">continue</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="die">die</span>. 1.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="primarily">primarily</span> <span word="concerned">concerned</span> <span word="with">with</span>____. [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="interpreting">interpreting</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="results">results</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="surveys">surveys</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="traffic">traffic</span> <span word="accidents">accidents</span> [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="reviewing">reviewing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="effectiveness">effectiveness</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="attempts">attempts</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="analyzing">analyzing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="causes">causes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="annual">annual</span> <span word="traffic">traffic</span> <span word="deaths">deaths</span> [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="making">making</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="comparison">comparison</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> 2.<span word="It">It</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="inferred">inferred</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1967 <span word="Road">Road</span> <span word="Safety">Safety</span> <span word="Act">Act</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Britain">Britain</span>____. [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="existing">existing</span> <span word="law">law</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="BAC">BAC</span> <span word="level">level</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="defined">defined</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="made">made</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="illegal">illegal</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span> <span word="driver">driver</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="drive">drive</span> [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> <span word="arrests">arrests</span> [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="placed">placed</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tax">tax</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sale">sale</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="alcoholic">alcoholic</span> <span word="drinks">drinks</span> 3.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="implies">implies</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="BAC">BAC</span> <span word="of">of</span> 0.1 <span word="percent">percent</span> ____. <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sale">sale</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="alcoholic">alcoholic</span> <span word="drinks">drinks</span> [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="is">is</span> <span word="unreasonably">unreasonably</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="definition">definition</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="penalizes">penalizes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="moderate">moderate</span> <span word="drinker">drinker</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="allowing">allowing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="heavy">heavy</span> <span word="drinker">drinker</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="consume">consume</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="limit">limit</span> [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="is">is</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="below">below</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="BAC">BAC</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="drivers">drivers</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="involved">involved</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="fatal">fatal</span> <span word="crashes">crashes</span> [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="proves">proves</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="driver">driver</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="consumed">consumed</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="ounces">ounces</span> <span word="of">of</span> 80 <span word="proof">proof</span> <span word="spirits">spirits</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="short">short</span> <span word="time">time</span> 4.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="cites">cites</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="British">British</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="to">to</span>____. [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="show">show</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="worse">worse</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Britain">Britain</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="U">U</span>.<span word="S">S</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="prove">prove</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="stricter">stricter</span> <span word="laws">laws</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="drinking">drinking</span> <span word="drivers">drivers</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="traffic">traffic</span> <span word="deaths">deaths</span> [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="prove">prove</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="slight">slight</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="arrests">arrests</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span> <span word="drivers">drivers</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="deter">deter</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="taxation">taxation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="alcohol">alcohol</span> <span word="consumption">consumption</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="effective">effective</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="criminal">criminal</span> <span word="laws">laws</span> 5.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="worddeterin">worddeterin</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="means">means</span>____. [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="prevent">prevent</span> [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="encourage">encourage</span> [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="punish">punish</span> [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="threaten">threaten</span> 1.[<span word="B">B</span>] 本文探讨了饮酒和汽车事故率的关系，以及相应的限制酒后驾驶的法律对事故率的影响。这在最后一段体现得最为明显。 2.[<span word="B">B</span>] 第二段第一句是这一段的主题句。英国的例子旨在说明，在英国，在刚刚实施新的道路安全法根据本段第一句该项法律肯定也将酒后驾驶视为刑事犯罪以后，汽车事故少了，但是，因为根据这项法律可以被逮捕的人是血液内酒精含量超过一定标准的人，并不是所有酒后驾车的人，所以人们后来认为喝少量酒也没有关系，这样，这项法律的效力也就下降了。 3.[<span word="A">A</span>] 根据第一段第五、六句，1/3的酒后驾车者能达到这个含量，但是这还不到所有驾驶员人数的4 %.虽然在达到或超过0.1 %的人中不到<span word="l">l</span> %卷人致命的事故中，但是，他们出事的可能性是不喝酒的人的28倍。由此可见，在作者看来，还有很多没有达到这个含量的人也同样危险，因此，0.1 %的含量标准太高了。 4.[<span word="C">C</span>] 参阅第2题题解。 5.[<span word="A">A</span>] 该词意为阻止。</p>
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